Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 30

Devanagari script

तेनेयं नगरी कृत्स्ना परं दुःखमुपागता । गुणैरस्य समाविष्टा नूनं मृत्युं प्रयास्यति

Transliteration

teneyaṃ nagarī kṛtsnā paraṃ duḥkhamupāgatā | guṇairasya samāviṣṭā nūnaṃ mṛtyuṃ prayāsyati

Translation

そのゆえに都はことごとく甚だしい悲嘆に沈んだ。王の徳に結ばれて、人々はきっと死に至るまで王に従ってしまうかのようである。

Word by Word

• तेन: by him / because of that
• तेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• इयम्: this
• इयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• नगरी: city
• नगरी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nagarī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• कृत्स्ना: entire
• कृत्स्ना: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛtsna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• परम्: supreme, great
• परम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• दुःखम्: sorrow
• दुःखम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• उपागता: has come to / has reached
• उपागता: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + गम् (धातु) + उपागत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle) used predicatively; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• गुणैः: by qualities / by attributes
• गुणैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• अस्य: of him / his
• अस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• समाविष्टा: pervaded, possessed
• समाविष्टा: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + आ + विश् (धातु) + समाविष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• नूनम्: surely
• नूनम्: Sambandha (Modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nūnam (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (particle of certainty)

• मृत्युम्: death
• मृत्युम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mṛtyu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• प्रयास्यति: will go to / will meet (death)
• प्रयास्यति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + या (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speaker

Citizen/Man questioned by the kārpaṭika (continuing)

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Kārpaṭika

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A panoramic view of the city: citizens gathered in mourning, garlands drooping, closed marketplaces; the palace silhouette suggests the king’s impending death, while the crowd’s devotion is palpable.

Characters & Entities

• nagarī (city)
• nṛpa (implied king)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

A righteous ruler’s bond with his people is moral and spiritual; his suffering reverberates through the whole kingdom.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The tīrtha is still implicit; the city’s grief motivates the saint’s instruction toward a curative sacred place.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None directly; the verse describes the social-dharmic context that necessitates a tīrtha remedy.