Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 51

Devanagari script

ततः संबोध्य जननी तां सुतामाह भार्गवम् । न देयास्मै त्वया कन्या विरूपायेति चाग्रहात्

Transliteration

tataḥ saṃbodhya jananī tāṃ sutāmāha bhārgavam | na deyāsmai tvayā kanyā virūpāyeti cāgrahāt

Translation

そのとき母は娘を慰め、バールガヴァに強く言った。「この乙女を彼に与えてはなりません。ましてや、あの醜く不具の男には。」

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikarana (Context/काल-देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण) = indeclinable adverb; अर्थे ‘तस्मात्/अनन्तरम्’

• saṃbodhya: having addressed
• saṃbodhya: Kriya (पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√budh (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); सम्-उपसर्ग; ‘संबोध्य’ = having addressed/called

• jananī: the mother
• jananī: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jananī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st case) एकवचन; कर्तृपद

• tām: her/that (girl)
• tām: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd case) एकवचन; कर्म

• sutām: daughter
• sutām: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sutā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd case) एकवचन; ‘ताम्’ इत्यस्य विशेष्य

• āha: said
• āha: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ah (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• bhārgavam: to Bhārgava (descendant of Bhṛgu)
• bhārgavam: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhārgava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd case) एकवचन; संबोधन-प्रयोजनं प्रति (whom she addressed)

• na: not
• na: Kriya-visheshaṇa (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (particle of negation)

• deyā: should be given
• deyā: Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्-प्रयोगार्थं कर्मणि/कर्तरि योग्यतार्थकः; ‘देया’ = to be given/should be given; स्त्रीलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन (कन्या-विशेषण)

• asmai: to him
• asmai: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (सामान्यतः); चतुर्थी (4th case) एकवचन; सम्प्रदान

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karana (Instrument/Agentive by)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: त्रिलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd case) एकवचन; करण/कर्तृ-निर्देश

• kanyā: the maiden
• kanyā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st case) एकवचन; ‘देया’ इत्यस्य कर्तृ/विधेय-आश्रय

• virūpāya: to the ugly one
• virūpāya: Sampradana (Recipient qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: virūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी (4th case) एकवचन; ‘अस्मै’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• iti: thus
• iti: Vacana-marker (Quotation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्य-समाप्ति सूचक अव्यय (quotative)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• agrahāt: out of insistence/obstinacy
• agrahāt: Apadana (Cause/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: agraha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th case) एकवचन; हेतौ अपादान (cause/source)

Speaker

Narrator (within Māheśvarakhaṇḍa discourse; traditionally Sūta/Lomaharṣaṇa to sages)

Characters & Entities

• Bhārgava
• Bhṛgu lineage (implied)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Elders are expected to guide family decisions toward dharma and suitability, preventing harm born from rash commitments.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific sacred site is referenced in this verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is counsel regarding the act of giving a daughter in marriage (kanyādāna) in a dharmic manner.