Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 48

Devanagari script

पदैर्द्वित्रैर्नृपतिना कृताभ्युत्थानसत्कृतिः । चतुर्निगमजाभिः स तमाशीर्भिरनंदयत्

Transliteration

padairdvitrairnṛpatinā kṛtābhyutthānasatkṛtiḥ | caturnigamajābhiḥ sa tamāśīrbhiranaṃdayat

Translation

王は立ち上がり、敬って一歩二歩と進み出て迎えた。するとその婆羅門は王を喜ばせ、四ヴェーダより生まれた祝福の言葉で寿いだ。

Word by Word

• padaiḥ: with steps
• padaiḥ: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन

• dvi-traiḥ: by two or three
• dvi-traiḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dvi (प्रातिपदिक) + tri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative) ‘two and three’ = ‘a few’; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying padaiḥ)

• nṛpatinā: by the king
• nṛpatinā: Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• kṛta: done/performed
• kṛta: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √kṛ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासे पूर्वपद

• abhyutthāna-satkṛtiḥ: (one) whose greeting and honoring were performed
• abhyutthāna-satkṛtiḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: abhyutthāna (प्रातिपदिक) + satkṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास: ‘rising up (to greet) and honoring’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (समस्तपदम्)

• catur: four
• catur: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: catur (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक विशेषण (numeral adjective), अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; ‘four’ (qualifying nigamajābhiḥ)

• nigama-jābhiḥ: with (blessings) born of the Vedas
• nigama-jābhiḥ: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nigama (प्रातिपदिक) + jā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पञ्चमी/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थे: ‘nigamebhyaḥ jātāḥ’/‘nigamasya jātāḥ’ = ‘born of the Vedas’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying āśīrbhiḥ)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• āśīrbhiḥ: with blessings
• āśīrbhiḥ: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āśis (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• anaṃdayat: gladdened/pleased
• anaṃdayat: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√nand (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speaker

Skanda (narrating to Agastya, Kāśīkhaṇḍa convention)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Avimukta (Kāśī)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: The king rises from his seat and advances a couple of steps with joined palms; the brāhmaṇa raises his hand in blessing, uttering four-Veda-born benedictions; courtiers witness the sacred exchange.

Characters & Entities

• Divodāsa
• brāhmaṇa (dvija)
• four Vedas (catur-nigama)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Respect shown to the learned and holy brings auspiciousness; blessings arise from alignment with Vedic dharma.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kāśī is the setting of the Kāśīkhaṇḍa narrative; the verse highlights dharmic etiquette within that sacred geography.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

A dharmic practice is implied: abhyutthāna (rising to greet) and satkāra (honoring a guest), accompanied by āśīrvāda (benediction).