Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 4
Devanagari script
भूतं भावि भवच्चापि संशयं मा वृथा कृथाः । इत्युक्त्वा पुनराहेशो गंगामाहात्म्यमुत्तमम्
Transliteration
bhūtaṃ bhāvi bhavaccāpi saṃśayaṃ mā vṛthā kṛthāḥ | ityuktvā punarāheśo gaṃgāmāhātmyamuttamam
Translation
過去であれ未来であれ現在であれ、むなしく疑いを起こしてはならない。そう言ってから、主は再びガンガーの最上の偉大さを語った。
Word by Word
भूतम्the past
भूतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
भाविthe future
भावि:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभाविन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (भावि = भविष्यत्-अर्थे)
भवत्the present
भवत्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; वर्तमानार्थक (present)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावन/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (particle: also/even)
संशयम्doubt
संशयम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
माdo not
मा:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय; लोट्/विधिलिङ्-निषेध (prohibitive particle)
वृथाin vain, wrongly
वृथा:
Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
कृथाःdo / make
कृथाः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) + क्त्वा (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययभाव (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (prior action)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
आहsaid
आह:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअह्/आह् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
ईशःthe Lord
ईशः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootईश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
गङ्गामाहात्म्यम्the glory of the Gaṅgā
गङ्गामाहात्म्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा + माहात्म्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (Ganges' greatness)
उत्तमम्supreme, excellent
उत्तमम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of गङ्गामाहात्म्यम्)
Speaker
Śiva
Tirtha Mahatmya
Tirtha: Gaṅgā
Type: river
Skanda Dialogue
Listener: Pārvatī
Visual Art Cues
Scene: Śiva concludes a firm admonition against doubt about past/future/present and turns to narrate the supreme greatness of Gaṅgā.
Characters & Entities
Ś
ŚivaG
GaṅgāFAQs
Faithful listening to sacred narration is encouraged; needless skepticism is discouraged when the teaching is rooted in dharma tradition.
Gaṅgā as the preeminent tīrtha, particularly as celebrated in Kāśī Khaṇḍa.
No explicit rite; it signals the beginning/continuation of Gaṅgā’s praise and sacred account.