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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 1

Devanagari script

व्यास उवाच । सूर्य आत्मास्य जगतस्तस्थुषस्तमसोरिपुः । उदियायोदयगिरौ शुचिप्रसृमरैः करैः

Transliteration

vyāsa uvāca | sūrya ātmāsya jagatastasthuṣastamasoripuḥ | udiyāyodayagirau śuciprasṛmaraiḥ karaiḥ

Translation

ヴィヤーサは言った。太陽はこの世界の生命そのもの、動くものと動かぬものの支え、闇の敵である。その太陽が東の山に昇り、清らかな光の手を四方に伸べた。

Word by Word
vyāsaḥVyāsa
vyāsaḥ:
Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वक्ता
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘said’
sūryaḥthe Sun
sūryaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ātmāthe self
ātmā:
Karta (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘self/soul’
asyaof this
asya:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of this/of it’
jagataḥof the world
jagataḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of the world’
tasthuṣaḥof the stationary (beings)
tasthuṣaḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठī)
TypeAdjective
Root√sthā (धातु)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; लिट्-कृदन्त (परफेक्ट पार्टिसिपल) ‘of that which stands/abides’
tamasaḥof darkness
tamasaḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठī)
TypeNoun
Roottamas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of darkness’
ripuḥenemy
ripuḥ:
Karta (Predicate noun/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootripu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘enemy’
udiyāyarose
udiyāya:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√i (धातु) + ud- (उपसर्ग)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘rose up’
udaya-girauon the sunrise-mountain
udaya-girau:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootudaya (प्रातिपदिक) + giri (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘उदयस्य गिरिः’ → ‘on the mountain of sunrise’
śuci-prasṛmaraiḥwith pure, spreading
śuci-prasṛmaraiḥ:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśuci (प्रातिपदिक) + prasṛmara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘शुचयः प्रसृमराः’ (pure and spreading)
karaiḥrays
karaiḥ:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; ‘with rays/hands’ (here: rays)
Speaker

Vyāsa

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī (contextual dawn over Gaṅgā)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: The Sun rises over a stylized eastern mountain, sending clean, spreading rays across a sacred river city; darkness retreats; pilgrims on ghats prepare for morning rites.

Characters & Entities
V
Vyāsa
S
Sūrya
U
Udayagiri (eastern mountain)
T
Tamas (darkness)

FAQs

Sūrya symbolizes the awakening of dharma and clarity—dispelling tamas and sustaining all beings.

No specific tīrtha is named; ‘Udayagiri’ functions as a cosmological horizon-motif rather than a localized tīrtha in this verse.

None directly; the verse supports the broader dharmic rhythm of day, rites, and sacred time.

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