Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 37

शिवसंस्कार-दीक्षानिरूपणम् (Śivasaṃskāra and the Typology of Dīkṣā)

Devanagari script

तत्तत्त्वं विदितं येन स एवानंददर्शकः । न पुनर्नाममात्रेण संविदारहितस्तु यः

Transliteration

tattattvaṃ viditaṃ yena sa evānaṃdadarśakaḥ | na punarnāmamātreṇa saṃvidārahitastu yaḥ

Translation

その真理を本質において悟った者こそ、まことに歓喜を観る者である。だが内なる覚知を欠く者は、ただ「知者」という名や評判を持つだけでは、そうではない。

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• तत्त्वम्: truth/principle
• तत्त्वम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• विदितम्: is known
• विदितम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘known’

• येन: by whom
• येन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis particle)

• आनन्ददर्शकः: revealer of bliss
• आनन्ददर्शकः: Samanaadhikarana (समानाधिकरण/Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आनन्द (प्रातिपदिक) + दर्शक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (आनन्दं दर्शयति/दर्शकः)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• पुनः: again/merely
• पुनः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरावृत्ति/विपरीतार्थ (again/otherwise)

• नाममात्रेण: by name alone
• नाममात्रेण: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक) + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (नाम एव मात्रम्)

• संविदारहितः: devoid of realization
• संविदारहितः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संविद् (प्रातिपदिक) + रहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (संविदा रहितः = devoid of consciousness/realization)

• तु: however
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/पुनरुक्ति-निपात

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Shakti Dimension

Role: teaching

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that liberation-oriented joy arises from direct realization of the supreme truth (Shiva as the ultimate Reality), not from titles, learning, or reputation without inner consciousness.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga worship is meant to mature from external identification into inward awareness—seeing Shiva’s presence through the symbol and realizing the truth it points to; mere ritual identity without saṃvid is incomplete.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

It implies japa and dhyāna performed with saṃvid—mindful Panchakshara recitation and contemplative absorption—so that practice becomes realization rather than mere outward naming.