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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 35

पशुपाशपतिज्ञान-प्राप्तिः

Acquisition of Paśupati–Pāśa Knowledge

Devanagari script

सुखं च सुखहेतुश्च समासात्सात्त्विकं स्मृतम् । राजसं तद्विपर्यासात्स्तंभमोहौ तु तामसौ

Transliteration

sukhaṃ ca sukhahetuśca samāsātsāttvikaṃ smṛtam | rājasaṃ tadviparyāsātstaṃbhamohau tu tāmasau

Translation

安楽と、安楽の因となるものとは、要するにサットヴァ（sāttvika）と記憶される。これに反するものよりラジャス（rājasa）が生じ、しかして鈍重なる硬直と迷妄（モーハ）はまさにタマス（tāmasa）である。

Word by Word
सुखम्happiness; pleasure
सुखम्:
Karma (कर्म) / Predicate nominal
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; here used as predicate/nominal item
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
सुखहेतुःcause of happiness
सुखहेतुः:
Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominal
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक) + हेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सुखस्य हेतुः)
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
समासात्from combination; by aggregation
समासात्:
Apadana/Hetu (अपादान/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootसमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case), एकवचन; अपादान/हेतु-अर्थे (from/owing to)
सात्त्विकम्sāttvic; of sattva
सात्त्विकम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसात्त्विक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; predicate adjective
स्मृतम्is called/considered
स्मृतम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय, past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘is said/considered’
राजसम्rājasic; of rajas
राजसम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootराजस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; predicate adjective (understood ‘[it is] rājasa’)
तत्of that
तत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), एकवचन; in compound relation with विपर्यासात् (of that)
विपर्यासात्from the opposite/reversal
विपर्यासात्:
Apadana/Hetu (अपादान/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootविपर्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case), एकवचन; हेतु/अपादान-अर्थे (from reversal/opposite)
स्तम्भमोहौstupor and delusion
स्तम्भमोहौ:
Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominal
TypeNoun
Rootस्तम्भ (प्रातिपदिक) + मोह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (स्तम्भश्च मोहश्च)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय (but/indeed)
तामसौtāmasic
तामसौ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), द्विवचन; agrees with स्तम्भमोहौ
Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Characters & Entities
S
Shiva

FAQs

It classifies inner experience through the three guṇas: sāttvika supports clarity and uplifting happiness, rājasa arises from restless opposition to that clarity, and tāmasa manifests as inert blockage and delusion—states that obstruct recognition of Pati (Śiva) and the soul’s release.

Liṅga-worship and saguna-Śiva devotion are strengthened by sāttvika living—purity, calmness, and right understanding. Rājasa agitation and tāmasa delusion weaken steadiness in pūjā and dhyāna, making worship mechanical rather than transformative.

Adopt sāttvika sādhana: steady japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), calm breath and mantra-focused meditation, and disciplined pūjā (optionally with bhasma/tripuṇḍra and rudrākṣa) to reduce rajas and dispel tamas (mohā/staṃbha).

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