Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 53

सर्गविभागवर्णनम्

Classification of Creation: the Nine Sargas and the Streams of Beings

Devanagari script

स सृष्ट्यर्थं समाधाय ब्रह्मात्मानमयूयुजत् । मुखादजनयद्देवान् पित्ःंश्चैवोपपक्षतः । जघनादसुरान् सर्वान् प्रजनादपि मानुषान् । अवस्करे क्षुधाविष्टा राक्षसास्तस्य जज्ञिरे

Transliteration

sa sṛṣṭyarthaṃ samādhāya brahmātmānamayūyujat | mukhādajanayaddevān pitḥṃścaivopapakṣataḥ | jaghanādasurān sarvān prajanādapi mānuṣān | avaskare kṣudhāviṣṭā rākṣasāstasya jajñire

Translation

創造のために、彼は深い三昧に入り、自らの存在を梵天の境（創造の原理）に結び合わせた。口より神々を生み、脇よりピトリ（祖霊の父祖）を生じた。腰よりすべてのアスラを生み、生成の器官より人間を生じた。さらに残滓から、飢えに苛まれるラークシャサが彼より生まれた。

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/Nominative), एकवचन

• सृष्ट्यर्थम्: for (the purpose of) creation
• सृष्ट्यर्थम्: प्रयोजन (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/Accusative), एकवचन; चतुर्थी/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थ (सृष्ट्यै अर्थः = for the purpose of creation) अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग

• समाधाय: having composed; having fixed
• समाधाय: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + धा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund), ‘having composed/collected; having fixed’

• ब्रह्मात्मानम्: his Brahma-self; the self as Brahmā
• ब्रह्मात्मानम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (ब्रह्मैव आत्मा)

• अयूयुजत्: he yoked/engaged; he applied
• अयूयुजत्: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: लुङ्-लकार (Aorist), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; अङ्ग-अभ्यासयुक्त रूप (अ-यू-युज्)

• मुखात्: from the mouth
• मुखात्: अपादान (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान/Ablative), एकवचन

• अजनयत्: generated; produced
• अजनयत्: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)
• Form: लुङ्-लकार (Aorist), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; causative sense in context ‘produced’

• देवान्: gods
• देवान्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/Accusative), बहुवचन

• पितॄन्: manes; ancestors
• पितॄन्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/Accusative), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphasis)

• उपपक्षतः: from the side; at the flanks
• उपपक्षतः: अधिकरण (Spatial/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग) + पक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित/अव्यय)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb): ‘from/at the side’

• जघनात्: from the buttocks/loins
• जघनात्: अपादान (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जघन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान/Ablative), एकवचन

• असुरान्: asuras
• असुरान्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/Accusative), बहुवचन

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ‘asurān’)

• प्रजनात्: from the organ of generation
• प्रजनात्: अपादान (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान/Ablative), एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (also)

• मानुषान्: humans
• मानुषान्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/Accusative), बहुवचन

• अवस्करे: in the refuse/filth
• अवस्करे: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण/Locative), एकवचन

• क्षुधाविष्टाः: afflicted by hunger
• क्षुधाविष्टाः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षुधा (प्रातिपदिक) + आविष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तृतीया-तत्पुरुष (क्षुधया आविष्टाः = seized by hunger)

• राक्षसाः: rākṣasas
• राक्षसाः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/Nominative), बहुवचन

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध/Genitive), एकवचन

• जज्ञिरे: were born; arose
• जज्ञिरे: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Sadyojāta

Cosmic Context

Cosmic Event: emanational creation via yogic concentration (samādhi) and bodily differentiation

Characters & Entities

• Brahma
• Devas
• Pitrs
• Asuras
• Manushas
• Rakshasas

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It depicts graded manifestation in creation: higher, luminous orders arise from purer sources, while restless and hungry tendencies arise from refuse—teaching that embodied nature carries differing guṇic impulses, and liberation comes by turning the soul (paśu) away from bondage (pāśa) toward the Lord (Pati).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By showing Brahmā as a functional expression within cosmic order, the verse points beyond the creator to the Supreme Lord who empowers all functions; Linga-worship centers the devotee on that transcendent Pati, the source and inner ruler of all categories of beings.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

The practical takeaway is to cultivate purity and steadiness through japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and dhyāna (samādhi-like recollection), reducing ‘hunger’ (craving) that is symbolically linked here with lower, agitated births.