Shloka 43

Aditi’s Progeny and the Twelve Ādityas

Manvantara Genealogy

Devanagari script

विनतायाश्च पुत्रौ द्वावरुणो गरुडस्तथा । सुपर्णः पततां श्रेष्ठो नारुणस्स्वेन कर्मणा

Transliteration

vinatāyāśca putrau dvāvaruṇo garuḍastathā | suparṇaḥ patatāṃ śreṣṭho nāruṇassvena karmaṇā

Translation

ヴィナターには二人の子があった。アルナと、またガルダである。ガルダはスパルナとも呼ばれ、飛ぶ者のうち最勝であり、アルナは自らに定められた務め（太陽神の御者）によって名高い。

Word by Word

• विनतायाः: of Vinatā
• विनतायाः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन — 'of Vinatā'

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पुत्रौ: two sons
• पुत्रौ: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन — 'two sons'

• द्वौ: two
• द्वौ: विशेषण (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन — संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective) qualifying 'पुत्रौ'

• अरुणः: Aruṇa
• अरुणः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition to 'पुत्रौ')
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — proper noun

• गरुडः: Garuḍa
• गरुडः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition to 'पुत्रौ')
• Type: Noun
• Root: गरुड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — proper noun

• तथा: also/likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb) — 'likewise/also'

• सुपर्णः: Suparṇa
• सुपर्णः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुपर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — epithet/name (of Garuḍa)

• पतताम्: of the flying ones (birds)
• पतताम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पतत् (कृदन्त; √पत् धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन — शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त; 'of those who fly'

• श्रेष्ठः: best
• श्रेष्ठः: विशेषण (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — विशेषण; 'best' (agreeing with Suparṇa/Garuḍa)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negative particle)

• अरुणः: Aruṇa
• अरुणः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; contrasted)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — 'Aruṇa' (repeated for contrast with Garuḍa)

• स्वेन: by his own
• स्वेन: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन — 'by his own' (agreeing with कर्मणा)

• कर्मणा: by action/deed
• कर्मणा: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन — 'by (his) deed/action'

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Characters & Entities

• Vinatā
• Aruṇa
• Garuḍa
• Suparṇa

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It highlights that each being is distinguished by its svadharma—its own ordained role—within the cosmic order ultimately governed by Pati (Lord Shiva). Excellence (Garuda) and recognition (Aruna) arise from rightly fulfilling one’s function.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Though genealogical, it supports a Shaiva reading that all powers and stations in the universe operate under Shiva’s sovereignty; Linga worship centers the devotee on that supreme Lord who upholds and assigns cosmic functions.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is steady japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) while cultivating niṣkāma-bhāva—performing one’s duties as an offering to Shiva, without egoistic claim to status.