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Shloka 27

नरकनामनिर्णयः

Catalogue of Narakas and Karmic Causes

यावंतो जंतवस्स्वर्गे तावंतो नरकौकसः । पापकृद्याति नरकं प्रायश्चित्तपराङ्मुखः

yāvaṃto jaṃtavassvarge tāvaṃto narakaukasaḥ | pāpakṛdyāti narakaṃ prāyaścittaparāṅmukhaḥ

天界にいる衆生の数だけ、地獄に住む者もまたいる。罪をなす者は、贖罪の行(プラーヤシュチッタ)に背を向けるとき、地獄へ赴く。

yāvantaḥas many as
yāvantaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyāvat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक-विशेषण (as many as)
jantavaḥcreatures, beings
jantavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjantu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन
svargein heaven
svarge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन
tāvantaḥso many
tāvantaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottāvat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; परिमाण-साम्ये (so many)
naraka-okasaḥdwellers of hell
naraka-okasaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक) + okas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (नरकस्य ओकः/ओकसः = dwellers of hell)
pāpa-kṛta sinner, evil-doer
pāpa-kṛt:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpāpa (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛt (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ (कृ) with कृत्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (पापं करोति इति)
yātigoes
yāti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yā (या) (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
narakamto hell
narakam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
prāyaścitta-parāṅmukhaḥaverse to atonement
prāyaścitta-parāṅmukhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāyaścitta (प्रातिपदिक) + parāṅmukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (प्रायश्चित्तात् पराङ्मुखः = turned away from expiation)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Sthala Purana: General dharma-teaching context: the verse frames the moral cosmos (svarga/naraka) to motivate prāyaścitta and Śiva-oriented purification; not tied to a specific liṅga-sthala narrative.

Significance: Didactic: urges pilgrims/householders to avoid prāyaścitta-neglect (prāyaścitta-parāṅmukhatā), which is treated as a cause for continued bondage and fall into naraka.

Cosmic Event: Post-mortem karmaphala distribution (svarga/naraka) as a general cosmological frame

S
Shiva

FAQs

It stresses moral accountability: heavenly reward is not the only destination—sin that is not purified through sincere prāyaścitta ripens into suffering. In Shaiva terms, unaddressed karma remains a form of pāśa (bondage) that obstructs grace and liberation.

Turning toward prāyaścitta implies turning toward Shiva’s purifying presence. Linga-worship, japa of the Panchākṣarī, and Shaiva observances are presented as concrete ways to realign the mind from wrongdoing toward devotion and purification under Saguna Shiva’s compassionate guidance.

Adopt prāyaścitta through confession, vrata (such as Mahāśivarātri discipline), Panchākṣarī japa ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya"), and purificatory Shaiva practices like Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa with a resolve to abandon the sinful habit.