Shloka 17

नरकनामनिर्णयः

Catalogue of Narakas and Karmic Causes

Devanagari script

नवयौवनमत्ताश्च मर्यादाभेदिनश्च ये । ते कृत्यं यांत्यशौचाश्च कुलकाजीविनश्च ये

Transliteration

navayauvanamattāśca maryādābhedinaśca ye | te kṛtyaṃ yāṃtyaśaucāśca kulakājīvinaśca ye

Translation

新たな若さの驕りに酔い、礼法の境を破り、不浄の行いに堕ち、家系を辱めて生きる者たちは、「クリティヤー（kṛtyā）」へと赴き、破滅的で不吉な報いを招く。

Word by Word

• नव-यौवन-मत्ताः: intoxicated with new youth
• नव-यौवन-मत्ताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव (प्रातिपदिक) + यौवन (प्रातिपदिक) + मत्त (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण—‘ये’ इत्यस्य

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• मर्यादा-भेदिनः: breakers of propriety/limits
• मर्यादा-भेदिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मर्यादा (प्रातिपदिक) + भेदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण—‘ये’ इत्यस्य

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ये: those who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; संकेतक-सर्वनाम (correlative pronoun)

• कृत्यम्: to the (place of) Kṛtya / evil rite (as a hell-name)
• कृत्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; गन्तव्यस्थानरूपेण (object of motion)

• यान्ति: go
• यान्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• अशौचाः: impure
• अशौचाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अशौच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण—‘ते’ इत्यस्य

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• कुलक-आजीविनः: living by (illicit) brokerage/pimping (kulaka-ājīvin)
• कुलक-आजीविनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुलक (प्रातिपदिक) + आजीविन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण—‘ये’ इत्यस्य

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ये: those who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Jyotirlinga Context

Significance: Ethical restraint (yama–niyama) is framed as a prerequisite for approaching Śiva’s grace; violation leads to intensified pāśa (bondage) and adverse karmic fruition.

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It warns that pride, boundary-breaking, and impurity strengthen pāśa (bondage) around the paśu (individual soul), leading not to Shiva’s grace but to destructive consequences; restraint and śauca support liberation.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship is meant to purify the mind and conduct; this verse stresses that without maryādā and śauca, outer worship becomes hollow and the devotee remains trapped in tamasic outcomes rather than approaching Saguna Shiva with devotion and discipline.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Adopt śauca and niyama: daily remembrance of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), simple self-restraint, and purificatory observances (e.g., bhasma/tripundra with right conduct) to counter youth-intoxication and moral transgression.