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Shloka 19

सत्यप्रतिज्ञा-तपःसंवादः

Pārvatī’s Vow of Truth and the Dialogue on Her Tapas

सा तथैवापमानेन भृशं कोपाकुला सती । तत्याजासून्प्रियांस्तत्र तया त्यक्तश्च शंकरः

sā tathaivāpamānena bhṛśaṃ kopākulā satī | tatyājāsūnpriyāṃstatra tayā tyaktaśca śaṃkaraḥ

その侮辱により、サティーは激しく心乱れ、烈しい怒りに呑まれた。そこで彼女は愛しき命の息を捨て、シャンカラ(シヴァ)をも後に残した。

साshe
सा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
तथाthus
तथा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner)
एवindeed/just
एव:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphatic particle)
अपमानेनby insult/disrespect
अपमानेन:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअपमान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
भृशम्greatly
भृशम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तीव्रतावाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of intensity)
कोपाकुलाagitated with anger
कोपाकुला:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकोप (प्रातिपदिक) + आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (कोपेन आकुला = agitated with anger)
सतीSatī
सती:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसती (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; संज्ञा
तत्then
तत्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् उपपद/सम्बन्धसूचक (here: then/thereupon)
त्याजabandoned/left
त्याज:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
असून्life-breaths; life
असून्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअसु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
प्रियान्dear
प्रियान्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (असून् qualifies)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)
तयाby her
तया:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
त्यक्तःabandoned/left
त्यक्तः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Predicative (विशेषणवत्)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु)
Formक्त (Past Passive Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे कर्तृवाच्य-समर्थ (passive sense)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)
शंकरःŚaṅkara (Śiva)
शंकरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशंकर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; संज्ञा

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Vīrabhadra

Sthala Purana: Satī’s self-abandonment at Dakṣa’s rite is the catalytic event that later precipitates the destruction of the yajña and the reorientation of sacrifice toward Śiva; many Śiva-kṣetras remember this as the turning point from pride to surrender.

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: destructive

S
Shiva
S
Sati
S
Shankara

FAQs

The verse highlights the destructive power of apamāna (humiliation) when joined with uncontrolled krodha (anger). In Shaiva understanding, the embodied being is vulnerable to such passions, while Śiva remains Pati—unbound—yet compassionately participates in the devotee’s ordeal, turning it into a lesson on transcending ego and worldly honor.

Sati’s departure underscores that forms and social identities are transient, whereas devotion to Saguna Śiva (Śaṅkara) is the stable refuge. In Linga worship, the devotee learns to anchor the mind in Śiva-tattva beyond praise and blame, offering emotions into the Linga through mantra and inner surrender.

A practical takeaway is to pacify anger through japa of the Panchakshara—“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—and to cultivate śānti by offering one’s agitation mentally at Śiva’s feet. If following Shaiva observance, one may also adopt Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) with remembrance of impermanence and restraint of the senses.