Rig Veda 8.31.16: Mandala 8, Sukta 31, Mantra 16

Sukta 8.31

Rishi: Kaṇva

Devata: Devas collectively (didactic refrain on yajña efficacy)

Chandas: As preceding refrain (uncertain without full metrical audit)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

न यजमान रिष्यसि न सुन्वान न देवयो । देवानां य इन्मनो यजमान इयक्षत्यभीदयज्वनो भुवत् ॥

Transliteration

ná yajamāna riṣyasi ná sunvāna ná devayo | devā́nāṃ yá ín máno yajamā́na iyákṣaty abhī́d áyajvano bhuvat ||

Translation

害に陥ることはない、祭主よ。ソーマ（Soma）を搾る者も、神々を求める者も同じく害に陥らない。祭主が心（意志）を神々の力に向け、供犠して捧げるとき、彼は己のうちで祭献を拒むものに勝利する。

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Word by Word

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• यजमान: O sacrificer
• यजमान: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (agent noun)
• Root: यजमान (यज् + मानिन्)

• रिष्यसि: you are harmed / you perish
• रिष्यसि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: रिष्

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• सुन्वान: O soma-presser
• सुन्वान: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun/Participle
• Root: सु (सोम-प्रसवने) + शानच्

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• देवयः: O god-seekers / devotees
• देवयः: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: देवयु (देव + यु)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव

• यः: who
• यः: कर्तृ (relative subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्

• इत्: indeed / just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (particle)
• Root: इत्

• मनः: mind / intention
• मनः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्

• यजमानः: the sacrificer
• यजमानः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: यजमान (यज् + मानिन्)

• इयक्षति: worships / sacrifices
• इयक्षति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज्

• अभीत्: towards / against
• अभीत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb) / particle
• Root: अभि

• अयज्वनः: of the non-sacrificer
• अयज्वनः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अयज्वन् (अ- + यज्वन्)

• भुवत्: may it be / it becomes
• भुवत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू