Rig Veda 8.103.9: Mandala 8, Sukta 103, Mantra 9

Sukta 8.103

Devata: Agni (kindled and invoked)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ वंसते मघवा वीरवद्यशः समिद्धो द्युम्न्याहुतः । कुविन्नो अस्य सुमतिर्नवीयस्यच्छा वाजेभिरागमत् ॥

Transliteration

ā́ vaṃsate maghávā vīrá-vad yáśaḥ sam-íddho dyumny ā́-hutaḥ | kúvin no asya su-matír navī́yasī́ ácchā vā́jebhir ā́-gamat ||

Translation

栄光ある者、英雄の力をもたらすマガヴァン（寛与の主）がわれらへ来たる——燃え立ち、光輝の力のために招かれて。彼のつねに新たな善き思慮（スーマティ）は、vāja（勝利の力）とともに、まっすぐにわれらへ来ないだろうか。

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Word by Word

• आ: hither; towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga) / ā (avyaya)

• वंसते: seeks; strives for; desires
• वंसते: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वस् (vas) ‘to desire/seek; to woo’ (Vedic)

• मघवा: the bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवा: Kartā (subject)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: मघवन् (prātipadika)

• वीरवत्: heroically; with heroes
• वीरवत्: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (manner) / Karaṇa (associative sense)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीरवत् (from वीर + -वत्)

• यशः: fame; glory
• यशः: Karma (object/goal of seeking)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस् (prātipadika)

• समिद्धः: kindled; enkindled
• समिद्धः: Kartā (as predicate/attribute of the invoked deity, esp. Agni) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: सम्-√इध् (idh) ‘to kindle’ → समिद्ध (PPP)

• द्यु्म्न्याहुतः: invoked as glorious; called for splendour
• द्यु्म्न्याहुतः: Viśeṣaṇa (epithet of the deity: ‘called/invoked as splendid’)
• Type: Compound adjective/participle
• Root: द्यु्म्न्य- (adj. from द्यु्म्न ‘splendour’) + आहूत (PPP of आ-√ह्वे/√हू ‘to call/invoke’)

• कुवित्: whether?; perhaps?
• कुवित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कु + वित् (particle)

• नः: of us; our
• नः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (possessive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (enclitic pronoun)

• अस्य: of him (i.e., of that one)
• अस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (pronoun)

• सुमतिः: good thought; favour; benevolence
• सुमतिः: Kartā (subject of ‘come’) / Prārthya (desired boon)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु- + मति (prātipadika)

• नवीयसि: in the newer (fresh) [occasion]; anew
• नवीयसि: Adhikaraṇa (locative circumstance)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नवीयस् (comparative adj. ‘newer’)

• अच्छा: towards; straight to
• अच्छा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अच्छा (avyaya)

• वाजेभिः: with prizes; with strengths/booty
• वाजेभिः: Karaṇa (means/attendant gifts)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (prātipadika)

• आगमत्: came; may come
• आगमत्: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√गम् (gam) ‘to come’