Rig Veda 7.31.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 31, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.31

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Book 7)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable due to brevity/structure; common for short invitatory verses)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र व इन्द्राय मादनं हर्यश्वाय गायत । सखायः सोमपाव्ने ॥

Transliteration

prá va indrā́ya mā́danaṃ háryaśvāya gāyata | sákhāyaḥ sóma-pā́vne ||

Translation

インドラに向かって、酔わせる歓喜（マーダナ）を歌い出せ——黄褐の馬を駆るインドラに。友よ、ソーマを飲む御方に向かって。

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga) प्रत्यय-रहित अव्यय

• वः: for you / of you (you all)
• वः: Sampradāna (recipient) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्राय: to/for Indra
• इन्द्राय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मादनम्: gladdening (song/chant), exhilaration
• मादनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मादन (प्रातिपदिक; √मद् ‘to exhilarate, intoxicate’ से भाव/करण-नाम)

• हर्यश्वाय: to the tawny-horsed one
• हर्यश्वाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: हर्यश्व (प्रातिपदिक; हरि- ‘tawny’ + अश्व ‘horse’)

• गायत: sing (you all)!
• गायत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गै (गायति) / √गा ‘to sing’ (वेदिक आज्ञार्थ)

• सखायः: friends, comrades
• सखायः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमपाव्ने: to the Soma-drinker
• सोमपाव्ने: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: सोमपावन् (प्रातिपदिक; सोम + √पा ‘to drink’ + -वन्)