Rig Veda 7.28.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 28, Mantra 3
Sukta 7.28
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तव प्रणीतीन्द्र जोहुवानान्त्सं यन्नॄन्न रोदसी निनेथ । महे क्षत्राय शवसे हि जज्ञेऽतूतुजिं चित्तूतुजिरशिश्नत् ॥
Transliteration
tavá praṇī́tīndra jóhuvānāntsáṃ yán nṝ́n ná rodasī́ ninétha | mahé kṣatrā́ya śávase hí jajñé atū́tujim cit tū́tujiḥ aśiśnat ||
Translation
インドラよ、汝の導きによって、切に汝を呼ぶ者たちはひとつに集められる。まるで汝が人の求め手を二つの界――天と地――へと引き入れるかのように。大いなる王権と力のために汝は生まれ、駆られぬ者さえも動かす――汝、駆り立てる者は彼らを前へと押し進める。
Word by Word
तवof you / your
तव:
सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्- (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रणीती(your) leading, guidance
प्रणीती:
कर्तृ/हेतु-भाव (as ‘guidance/leading’ as cause/agency)
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-नी- (धातु √नी ‘नेतुम्’) → प्रणीति-
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र-
जोहुवानान्(the) repeatedly invoking (men)
जोहुवानान्:
कर्म (qualifier of the object ‘men’)
TypeParticiple (present, intensive) used adjectivally
Root√ह्वे (ह्वयति ‘to call, invoke’) with intensive/reduplicated stem jo-hu- + kṛdanta
सम्together, completely
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootसम्- (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यत्which / what
यत्:
कर्म (object of निनेथ in relative clause)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद्-
नॄन्men
नॄन्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootनृ-
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-अव्यय)
रोदसीthe two worlds (Heaven and Earth)
रोदसी:
कर्म/उपमान (object of comparison)
TypeNoun (dual)
Rootरोदसी- (द्विवचन-शब्द; ‘heaven-and-earth’)
निनेथyou have led / guided
निनेथ:
कर्तृ (implicit ‘you’, Indra)
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√नी (धातु √नी ‘to lead’)
महेfor the great (end)
महे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / dative form
Rootमहत्-
क्षत्रायfor dominion / sovereignty
क्षत्राय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्र-
शवसेfor strength, might
शवसे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootशवस्-
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
जज्ञेwas born / has been born
जज्ञे:
कर्तृ (subject: Indra implied)
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (to be born)
अतूतुजिम्the un-impellable / unshakable
अतूतुजिम्:
कर्म (object/attribute in apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- + तूतुजि- (intensive noun/adj. from √तुज् ‘to push, impel, smite’)
चित्even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
तूतुजिःthe impeller / smiter
तूतुजिः:
कर्तृ (subject of अशिश्नत्)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootतूतुजि- (intensive from √तुज्)
अशिश्नत्struck / overpowered
अशिश्नत्:
कर्तृ (subject: तूतुजिः)
TypeVerb
Root√श्नथ्/श्नथ् (Vedic: ‘to pierce/strike/overpower’; with a- augment; reduplicated a-śi-śn(a)th-)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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