Rig Veda 7.18.23 — Mandala 7, Sukta 18, Mantra 23
Sukta 7.18
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha family book; traditional attribution for RV 7)
Devata: Indra (battle-aid and victorious force; Sudās/Paijavana context under Indra’s protection)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable cadence typical of heroic/polemical hymns)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
चत्वारो मा पैजवनस्य दानाः स्मद्दिष्टयः कृशनिनो निरेके । ऋज्रासो मा पृथिविष्ठाः सुदासस्तोकं तोकाय श्रवसे वहन्ति ॥
Transliteration
catvā́ro mā paijavánasya dā́nāḥ smáddiṣṭayaḥ kṛśaníno nireké | ṛjrā́so mā pṛthivíṣṭhāḥ sudā́sas tokáṃ tokā́ya śrávase vahanti ||
Translation
パイジャヴァナ（Paijavana）の賜物は四つ、われを前へと運ぶ——よく定められ、刃のごとく鋭い力が、決する分離のただ中に現れる。スダース（Sudās）のまっすぐ進み、大地に据わる諸力は、われのために「魂の子」を運び来たり、その子の成長のため、また光りひろがる名声のために。
Word by Word
चत्वारःfour
चत्वारः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootचतुर् (संख्याशब्द-प्रातिपदिक)
माme
मा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पैजवनस्यof Paijavana
पैजवनस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun (proper/tribal epithet)
Rootपैजवन (प्रातिपदिक; जन/वंश-नाम)
दानाःgifts
दानाः:
Kartā (apposition to ‘चत्वारः’)
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक; ‘gift, giving’)
स्मत्from me
स्मत्:
Apādāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दिष्टयःmissiles/shafts
दिष्टयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदिष्टि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘direction/aim, ordinance; (here) missiles/shafts’)
कृशनिनःthe gaunt ones (foes)
कृशनिनः:
Kartā (apposition/qualifier of ‘दिष्टयः’ or implied foes)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootकृशनिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘lean/gaunt’; also epithet of foes)
निरेकेthey left/abandoned
निरेके:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootनि + रिक् (धातु ‘to leave, empty, separate’; here as finite verb)
ऋज्रासःthe Ṛjras (warriors/men called Ṛjra)
ऋज्रासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective (substantivized)
Rootऋज्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ruddy/bright’; as tribal/warrior epithet)
माme
मा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
पृथिविष्ठाःearth-standing, firm on the ground
पृथिविष्ठाः:
Kartā (qualifier of ‘ऋज्रासः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootपृथिवि-स्था (समास; ‘standing on the earth’)
सुदासःSudās
सुदासः:
Kartā (of following verb)
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootसुदास (प्रातिपदिक; राजा/नृप-नाम)
तोकम्offspring, child
तोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतोक (प्रातिपदिक)
तोकायfor (his) offspring
तोकाय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootतोक (प्रातिपदिक)
श्रवसेfor fame
श्रवसे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootश्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘fame, glory’)
वहन्तिthey carry/bring
वहन्ति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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