Rig Veda 5.81.3 — Mandala 5, Sukta 81, Mantra 3
Sukta 5.81
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (traditional attribution for RV 5.81)
Devata: Savitar
Chandas: Jagatī (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यस्य प्रयाणमन्वन्य इद्ययुर्देवा देवस्य महिमानमोजसा । यः पार्थिवानि विममे स एतशो रजांसि देवः सविता महित्वना ॥
Transliteration
yásya prayā́ṇam ánv anyá íd yayúr devā́ devásya mahimā́nam ójasā | yáḥ pā́rthivāni vimamé sá etáśo rajā́ṃsi deváḥ savitā́ mahitvanā́ ||
Translation
その前進に従って、ほかの神々もまた進む、力をもってこの神の偉大さへと。地上の諸領域を測り定めたのは彼である。迅き駿馬（etáśa）を駆る神サヴィタル（Savitar）は、その広大なる威力によって諸空間（rājāṃsi）を測り分けた。
Word by Word
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रयाणम्going forth, course, advance
प्रयाणम्:
कर्म (of ‘follow’)
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-या (धातु √या ‘to go’) → प्रयाण (कृदन्त/भाव-नाम)
अनुafter, along
अनु:
उपपद (governing sense with following verb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु
अन्यःanother (one)
अन्यः:
कर्तृ (of ‘go/follow’)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
निपात (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootइत्
ययुःwent, have gone
ययुः:
क्रिया (main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√या (to go)
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
कर्तृ (of ‘yayuḥ’)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
देवस्यof the god
देवस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
महिमानम्greatness, majesty
महिमानम्:
कर्म (object of knowing/recognizing implied with context)
TypeNoun
Rootमहिमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
ओजसाby power, with might
ओजसा:
करण (instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (relative pronoun; subject)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पार्थिवानिearthly regions/things
पार्थिवानि:
कर्म (object of ‘measured’)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootपार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘earthly’)
विममेmeasured out
विममे:
क्रिया (main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√मा (to measure)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ (correlative; subject)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
एतशःEtáśa (the swift one/solar steed)
एतशः:
कर्तृ/विशेषण (apposition to देवः सविता)
TypeNoun (proper/epithet)
Rootएतश (प्रातिपदिक; name of Savitṛ’s steed/solar horse)
रजांसिspaces, regions (realms)
रजांसि:
कर्म (object in apposition with what is measured/ordered)
TypeNoun
Rootरजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
देवःthe god
देवः:
कर्तृ (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (прातिपदिक)
सविताSavitṛ (the Impeller)
सविता:
कर्तृ (in apposition to देवः)
TypeNoun (deity name)
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
महित्वनाwith grandeur, by greatness
महित्वना:
करण (by/with greatness; manner/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमहित्वन (प्रातिपदिक; ‘greatness, grandeur’)
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