Rig Veda 5.45.1: Mandala 5, Sukta 45, Mantra 1
Sukta 5.45
Rishi: Atri Bhauma (Mandala 5 Atri corpus; 5.45 likewise Atri tradition)
Devata: Uṣas / Sūrya complex (Dawn powers opening the way; solar aid present)
Chandas: Trishtubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विदा दिवो विष्यन्नद्रिमुक्थैरायत्या उषसो अर्चिनो गुः । अपावृत व्रजिनीरुत्स्वर्गाद्वि दुरो मानुषीर्देव आवः ॥
Transliteration
vidā́ divó vi-syán ádrim uktháir āyatyā́ uṣáso arcíno guḥ | ápāvṛta vrajínīr út svàr gād ví dúro mā́nuṣīr devá ā́vaḥ ||
Translation
天界を識り、讃歌（uktha）によって岩（adri）を裂き、炎光のウシャス（Uṣas）たちは進み来た。彼女らは囲い（vraja）を開き、天より光明の世界へと昇る。神は人の門（duraḥ）を大きく開き放った。
Word by Word
विदाwith knowledge; knowingly
विदा:
Karaṇa
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial use of subanta)
Root√विद् (विदाँ) / विद्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘विदा’ = विद्या/विद्वत्ता) — here as adverbial instr.
दिवःof heaven; of the sky
दिवः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘द्यौः/दिव्’
विष्यन्spreading; pervading
विष्यन्:
Kartā (to the participle; agreeing with implied agent)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√विष् (वेष्टने/व्याप्तौ) (वेदिक) — present participle
अद्रिम्the rock; stone (obstacle)
अद्रिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअद्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)
उक्थैःwith hymns; with recitations
उक्थैः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootउक्थ- (प्रातिपदिक)
आयत्याby coming near; in approach
आयत्या:
Karaṇa (manner)
TypeNoun (abstract) used adverbially
Rootआयति- (प्रातिपदिक) / √यत् (प्रयत्न) — ‘approach/coming’
उषसःthe Dawns
उषसः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्चिनःshining; radiant
अर्चिनः:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्चिन्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘radiant, flaming’) from √अर्च्
गुःwent; came
गुः:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√गु (गवेषणे/गमने) — Vedic perfect/aorist form
अपावृतopened; uncovered
अपावृत:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootअप + √वृ (वरणे/आवरणे) — ‘open, uncover’
व्रजिनीःthe enclosures; the barriers
व्रजिनीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्रजिनी- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘enclosure/pen; barrier’
उत्up; out
उत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (prefix/preverb)
Rootउत् (उपसर्ग)
स्वर्गात्from heaven; from the heavenly realm
स्वर्गात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग- (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart; asunder
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable (prefix/preverb)
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
दुरःthe doors; gates
दुरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्/द्वार्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘door, gate’) — Vedic form दुरः
मानुषीःhuman; of men
मानुषीः:
Karma (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमानुषी- (प्रातिपदिक) from मनु/मानुष ‘human’
देवःthe god (Agni/Indra per context)
देवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव- (प्रातिपदिक)
आवःhelped; favored; aided
आवः:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootआ + √अव् (रक्षणे/सहाय्ये) — Vedic aorist
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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