Rig Veda 5.44.3 — Mandala 5, Sukta 44, Mantra 3
Sukta 5.44
Devata: Agni
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अत्यं हविः सचते सच्च धातु चारिष्टगातुः स होता सहोभरिः । प्रसर्स्राणो अनु बर्हिर्वृषा शिशुर्मध्ये युवाजरो विस्रुहा हितः ॥
Transliteration
átyaṃ havíḥ sacate sác ca dhā́tu cā́riṣṭagātuḥ sá hótā sahobháriḥ | prá-sarsrāṇó ánu barhír vṛ́ṣā śíśur mádhye yúvājáró vi-srúhā hitáḥ ||
Translation
供犠の駿馬は、真なる基（dhātu）に結び合う。損なわれぬ道を行き、彼はホートリ（Hotṛ）、力を担う者。聖草に沿って奔り流れ、牡牛は――まなかの幼子、つねに若く老いぬ者――そこに据えられ、多くの流れとなってほとばしる。
Word by Word
अत्यंthe steed / the swift one
अत्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअत्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अत्य’ = अश्व-विशेष/अत्यः) अथवा ‘अत्य’ (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
हविःthe oblation
हविः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
सचतेaccompanies / attaches itself
सचते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√सच् (सचते) ‘to accompany, to cleave to’
सत्the true / the real
सत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसत् (कृदन्त; √अस् → सत् ‘being, true’)
चand
च:
(सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
धातुthe foundation / established place
धातु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधातु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्थापन/आधार/निधान’)
चारिष्टगातुःhaving the best paths / of excellent course
चारिष्टगातुः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootचारिष्ट-गातु (समास; चारिष्ट ‘well-going/most excellent-going’ + गातु ‘path/going’)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
होताthe Hotṛ-priest / invoker
होता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक)
सहोभरिःbearing/bringing strength
सहोभरिः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसहो-भरि (समास; सहस् ‘might’ + भरि ‘bearing/bringing’)
प्रसर्स्राणःstreaming forth / rushing onward
प्रसर्स्राणः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Root√सृ (सर्पणे) + प्र-; कृदन्त: सर्स्राण (परिपूर्ण/तीव्र-गमनार्थ), प्रथमा
अनुalong / after
अनु:
(सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु
बर्हिःthe sacred grass (barhis)
बर्हिः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषाthe bull (vigorous one)
वृषा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
शिशुःthe child
शिशुः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootशिशु (प्रातिपदिक)
मध्येin the midst
मध्ये:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
युवाthe young man
युवा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootयुवन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अजरःunaging
अजरः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-जर (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-समास)
विस्रुहाwidely streaming / spreading
विस्रुहा:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-स्रुह (प्रातिपदिक/विशेषण; ‘having loosened/streaming’—वेदिक रूप)
हितःset/placed (there)
हितः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Root√धा (धारणे) → हित (कृदन्त; ‘placed, set’)
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