Rig Veda 5.37.2: Mandala 5, Sukta 37, Mantra 2
Sukta 5.37
Devata: Agni and Soma (ritual powers), in service of Indra’s coming
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
समिद्धाग्निर्वनवत्स्तीर्णबर्हिर्युक्तग्रावा सुतसोमो जराते । ग्रावाणो यस्येषिरं वदन्त्ययदध्वर्युर्हविषाव सिन्धुम् ॥
Transliteration
samíddhāgnir vanavat stīrṇá-barhir yuktá-grāvā sutá-somo jarāte | grā́vāṇo yásyeṣiráṃ vádanty áyad adhvaryúr havíṣā́va síndhum ||
Translation
火は燃え立ち、森のごとく豊かに輝く。祭草は敷き広げられ、搾り石は軛につけられ、搾り出されたソーマは祭儀のために整えられた。その搾り石は促しの言葉を語り、アドヴァリュ（Adhvaryu）は供物を携えて、その流れ（sindhu）を動かし起こす。
Word by Word
समिद्धःkindled, well-lit
समिद्धः:
Kartā (अग्निः का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootसम्-इध् (धातु) → समिद्ध (कृदन्त)
अग्निःAgni (fire-god)
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
वनवत्सःlike a calf in the wood / wood-calf (metaphor for lively fire)
वनवत्सः:
Kartā (अग्निः का विशेषण)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवनवत्स (प्रातिपदिक; वन + वत्स)
तीर्णबर्हिःhaving the sacrificial grass spread/laid out
तीर्णबर्हिः:
Kartā (अग्निः का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootतीर्ण (√तॄ ‘to cross/overpass’ → past part.) + बर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
युक्तग्रावाwith the pressing-stones set to work / yoked
युक्तग्रावा:
Kartā (अग्निः का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootयुक्त (√युज् ‘to yoke’ → ppp) + ग्रावन् (प्रातिपदिक)
सुतसोमःwith Soma pressed
सुतसोमः:
Kartā (अग्निः का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootसुत (√सु ‘to press’ → ppp) + सोम (प्रातिपदिक)
जरातेis active / bestirs himself
जराते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√जॄ/जर् (Vedic: ‘to be awake/active; to move about; to be zealous’)
ग्रावाणःthe pressing-stones
ग्रावाणः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootग्रावन् (प्रातिपदिक)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इषिरम्swift, impetuous (sound/utterance)
इषिरम्:
Karma (वदन्ति का)
TypeAdjective
Rootइषिर (प्रातिपदिक)
वदन्तिspeak, utter
वदन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√वद्
अयत्went, proceeded
अयत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√या (Vedic injunctive/aorist form)
अध्वर्युःthe Adhvaryu priest
अध्वर्युः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
हविषाwith the oblation
हविषा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अवdown, forth (as preverb)
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सिन्धुम्the river/stream (Sindhu)
सिन्धुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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