Rig Veda 4.51.6: Mandala 4, Sukta 51, Mantra 6
Sukta 4.51
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional attribution for Maṇḍala 4)
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn), with an allusive link to the R̥bhus as formative powers
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; typical of RV 4.51)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
क्व स्विदासां कतमा पुराणी यया विधाना विदधुॠभूणाम् । शुभं यच्छुभ्रा उषसश्चरन्ति न वि ज्ञायन्ते सदृशीरजुर्याः ॥
Transliteration
kvà svid āsāṃ katamā purāṇī yayā vidhānā vidadhur ṛbhūṇām | śubháṃ yác chubhrā uṣásaś cáranti ná ví jñāyante sadṛśīr ajuryāḥ ||
Translation
彼女らのうち、いったいどこにその古き秘奥があるのか——それによってリブ（R̥bhu）たちは諸力を整え、みわざを形づくったのだ。清らかな曙光たちは善き美のうちを進む。されど老いぬ者たちは姿かたちが等しく、しかも明確には識別されない——日ごとの到来は、同一の真理の新たな顕現である。
Word by Word
क्वwhere?
क्व:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व (प्रश्नाव्यय)
स्वित्indeed? / pray
स्वित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित् (निपात)
आसाम्of these (f.)
आसाम्:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक: असद्/एतद्-समूह; रूप: असाम्)
कतमāwhich (one)?
कतमā:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootकतम (प्रश्न-सर्वनाम/विशेषण)
पुराणीancient, primeval
पुराणी:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootपुराण (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
ययाby which (f.)
यया:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
विधानाःthe ordainers, arrangers
विधानाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवि-धा (धातु) → विधान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, वर्तमान/स्वभावार्थे; ‘विधाता/व्यवस्थापक’)
विदधुःthey have arranged/ordained
विदधुः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा (धातु)
ऋभूणाम्of the Ṛbhus
ऋभूणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootऋभु (प्रातिपदिक; देव-समूह)
शुभम्beauty/splendour; auspiciousness
शुभम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्which (thing)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
शुभ्राःbright, radiant
शुभ्राः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ्र (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
उषसःthe Dawns
उषसः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
चरन्तिthey move, proceed
चरन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
विapart, distinctly
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
ज्ञायन्तेthey are known/recognized
ज्ञायन्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
सदृशीःsimilar, alike
सदृशीः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
अजुर्याःunaging, undecaying
अजुर्याः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअजुर्य (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; a- + जुर्य ‘aging/decaying’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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