Rig Veda 4.51.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 51, Mantra 5
Sukta 4.51
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Uṣas
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यूयं हि देवीॠतयुग्भिरश्वैः परिप्रयाथ भुवनानि सद्यः । प्रबोधयन्तीरुषसः ससन्तं द्विपाच्चतुष्पाच्चरथाय जीवम् ॥
Transliteration
yūyáṃ hí devīr ṛtá-yugbhir áśvaiḥ pari-prayā́tha bhúvanāni sadyáḥ | pra-bodháyantīr uṣasaḥ sásantaṃ dvipā́c cátuṣpāc caráthāya jīváṃ ||
Translation
女神たちよ、あなたがたはまことに、リタ（ṛta）に軛された馬たちとともに、ただちに諸世界を巡り行く。曙光たちよ、眠る者を目覚めさせつつ、二足のものも四足のものも、あらゆる生命を旅路へと動かし起こす。
Word by Word
यूयम्you (all)
यूयम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
देवीःgoddesses (O divine ones)
देवीः:
कर्तृ (यूयम् के विशेषण/सम्बोधन-भाव)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी (देव-प्रातिपदिक, स्त्री)
ऋतयुग्भिःwith truth-yoked (horses/teams)
ऋतयुग्भिः:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootऋत-युग् (समास: ऋत + युग् ‘योक्/युग्’)
अश्वैःwith horses
अश्वैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
परिaround, all about
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
प्रयाथyou go/drive forth
प्रयाथ:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) + प्र (उपसर्ग)
भुवनानिthe worlds, beings/realms
भुवनानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन (प्रातिपदिक; √भू से)
सद्यःimmediately, at once
सद्यः:
अधिकरण (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः (अव्यय)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
बोधयन्तीःawakening, rousing
बोधयन्तीः:
कर्तृ (देवीः/उषसः का विशेषण)
TypeParticiple
Root√बुध् (धातु) → बोधयति (णिच्-प्रयोग)
उषसःthe Dawns
उषसः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
ससन्तम्the sleeping one
ससन्तम्:
कर्म (बोधयन्तीः का)
TypeParticiple
Root√सस्/संस् (धातु; ‘सोना/श्वसना/गमन’ अर्थ-परम्परा; यहाँ ‘शयनस्थ’/‘निद्रित’ भाव)
द्विपात्the two-footed (humans)
द्विपात्:
कर्म (जीवम् का विशेषण)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootद्वि-पाद् (समास)
चतुष्पात्the four-footed (animals)
चतुष्पात्:
कर्म (जीवम् का विशेषण)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootचतुर्-पाद् (समास)
चरथायfor moving about, for activity
चरथाय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootचरथ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘चलन/गमन’)
जीवम्the living (creature), life
जीवम्:
कर्म (बोधयन्तीः का)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootजीव (प्रातिपदिक; √जीव्)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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