Rig Veda 4.45.3 — Mandala 4, Sukta 45, Mantra 3
Sukta 4.45
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मध्वः पिबतं मधुपेभिरासभिरुत प्रियं मधुने युञ्जाथां रथम् । आ वर्तनिं मधुना जिन्वथस्पथो दृतिं वहेथे मधुमन्तमश्विना ॥
Transliteration
mádhvaḥ pibataṁ madhu-pébhir ā́sa-bhir utá priyáṁ mádhune yuñjāthāṁ rátham | ā́ vartaníṁ mádhunā jinvathas pathó dṛ́tiṁ vahethe mádhu-mantam aśvinā ||
Translation
蜜を飲む口もて甘蜜を飲み、愛しき蜜のために戦車を軛せよ。蜜もて道の回転する轍を活気づけ、アシュヴィン（Aśvins）よ、蜜満つる皮嚢を運び来たる。
Word by Word
मध्वःof honey / of sweetness
मध्वः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु-
पिबतम्drink (you two)!
पिबतम्:
(आह्वान) क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पिबति)
मधुपेभिःwith honey-drinkers / with honey-sipping (ones)
मधुपेभिः:
करण
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमधुप- (मधु + पा ‘drinking’)
आसभिःwith mouths
आसभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootआस- (आस् ‘mouth’ / ‘face’)
उतand / also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
प्रियम्the dear (thing)
प्रियम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootप्रिय-
मधुनेwith honey / with sweetness
मधुने:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootमधु-
युञ्जाथाम्yoke (you two)!
युञ्जाथाम्:
(आह्वान) क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
रथम्the chariot
रथम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरथ-
आforth / towards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb) / particle
Rootआ
वर्तनिम्the track / course
वर्तनिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवर्तनि-
मधुनाwith honey / with sweetness
मधुना:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootमधु-
जिन्वथःyou two invigorate / make thrive
जिन्वथः:
(विधेय) क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootजिव्/जिन्व् (जिन्वति ‘to quicken, invigorate’)
पथःthe path
पथः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपथ-
दृतिम्the leather bag / skin (soma-bag)
दृतिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदृति-
वहेथेyou two carry / convey
वहेथे:
(विधेय) क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवह्
मधुमन्तम्honeyed / sweet
मधुमन्तम्:
विशेषण (of दृतिम् implied / or of soma-content)
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुमन्त्- (मधु + मन्त्)
अश्विनाO Aśvins (you two)
अश्विना:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन्-
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