Rig Veda 4.42.4: Mandala 4, Sukta 42, Mantra 4
Sukta 4.42
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Varuṇa (with ṛta and Aditi complex)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अहमपो अपिन्वमुक्षमाणा धारयं दिवं सदन ऋतस्य । ऋतेन पुत्रो अदितेॠतावोत त्रिधातु प्रथयद्वि भूम ॥
Transliteration
ahám apó apinvam ukṣámāṇā dhāráyaṃ dívaṃ sádana ṛtásya | ṛténa putró áditeḥ ṛtā́vā utá tri-dhā́tu prathayád ví bhū́ma ||
Translation
われは水々をふくらませ、増し満ちるものを注ぎ出した。われはṛta（リタ）の座において天を支え保った。ṛtaによって、アディティの子――ṛtaに立つ者――は三重の基盤をひろげ、地を広大にした。
Word by Word
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अपःwaters
अपः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (प्रातिपदिक)
अपिन्वम्I caused to swell / I set in motion
अपिन्वम्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पिव्/प्याय् (पिन्वति ‘to swell, make abound, set in motion’)
उक्षमाणाःsprinkling / pouring (as rain)
उक्षमाणाः:
कर्तृ (अपः के विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Root√वक्ष्/उक्ष् (उक्षति ‘to sprinkle, pour; make rain’)
धारयम्I upheld / I sustained
धारयम्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√धृ (धारयति ‘to hold, support, sustain’)
दिवम्the heaven / sky
दिवम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौः (प्रातिपदिक ‘sky, heaven’)
सदनेin the seat / abode
सदने:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसदन (प्रातिपदिक ‘seat, abode’)
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक ‘cosmic order, truth’)
ऋतेनby/with ṛta
ऋतेन:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
पुत्रःthe son
पुत्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अदितेःof Aditi
अदितेः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootअदिति (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतावोṛta-possessing / righteous
ऋतावो:
कर्तृ (पुत्रः के विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootऋतावन् (प्रातिपदिक ‘possessing ṛta, righteous’)
उतand / also
उत:
(सम्बन्धक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात)
त्रिधातुthe threefold (foundation/realm)
त्रिधातु:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootत्रि-धातु (प्रातिपदिक ‘threefold foundation/element’)
प्रथयत्he spread / extended
प्रथयत्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√प्रथ् (प्रथयति ‘to spread, extend, make broad’)
विapart, widely
वि:
(क्रियाविशेषक)
TypeIndeclinable (Preverb)
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
भूमthe earth / the expanse
भूम:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootभूमन् (प्रातिपदिक ‘earth, ground; expanse’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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