Rig Veda 4.33.6: Mandala 4, Sukta 33, Mantra 6
Sukta 4.33
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Rbhus (with Tvaṣṭṛ)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सत्यमूचुर्नर एवा हि चक्रुरनु स्वधामृभवो जग्मुरेताम् । विभ्राजमानाँश्चमसाँ अहेवावेनत्त्वष्टा चतुरो ददृश्वान् ॥
Transliteration
satyám ūcuḥ nárā evā́ hí cakrúr ánu svadhā́m ṛbhávo jagmur etā́m | ví-bhrājamānāṃś camasā́m ahéva ā́venat tváṣṭā catúro dadṛ́śvān ||
Translation
その剛き者たちは真実（satya）を語った。まことに彼らはその業を成し遂げたからである。自らの本性の法（svadhā）に従い、リブたちはこの成就へと到来した。トヴァシュトリ（Tvaṣṭṛ）は見て知り、まるで一日のうちに、光輝く四つの杯（camasā）を認めた。
Word by Word
सत्यम्truly; the truth
सत्यम्:
Karma (वाच्यस्य/उक्तस्य विषयः; adverbial accusative)
TypeNoun (used adverbially)
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक; < सत् ‘being’ + -य)
ऊचुःthey said/spoke
ऊचुः:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
नरःthe men (heroes)
नरः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
एवindeed; just
एव:
(निपात; बल/निश्चयार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (निपात)
हिfor; indeed
हि:
(निपात; हेत्वर्थ/समर्थन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
चक्रुःthey made/did
चक्रुः:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
अनुafter; following
अनु:
(क्रियाविशेषण; अनुगमन/अनुसार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
स्वधाम्their own ordinance/power; proper place/portion
स्वधाम्:
Karma (अनु + गम्/जग्मुः इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधा (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋभवःthe Rbhus (artisan-gods)
ऋभवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (proper/collective)
Rootऋभु (प्रातिपदिक)
जग्मुःthey went
जग्मुः:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
एताम्this (one); this (path/way)
एताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विभ्राजमानान्shining forth; radiant
विभ्राजमानान्:
Karma (ददृश्वान् इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootवि-भ्राज् (धातु) → विभ्राजमान (वर्तमानकृदन्त)
चमसान्cups; bowls (for Soma)
चमसान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचमस (प्रातिपदिक)
अहas it were
अह:
(निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअह (निपात; वैदिक)
एवindeed; just
एव:
(निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (निपात)
अवेनत्he worked/strived; he fashioned
अवेनत्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवन्/वेन् (धातु; वैदिक ‘to strive/seek, to work/serve’)
त्वष्टाTvaṣṭṛ (the divine artisan)
त्वष्टा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootत्वष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक; देवता)
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
Karma
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootचतुर् (प्रातिपदिक)
ददृश्वान्having seen; seeing (perfect participle)
ददृश्वान्:
Kartā
TypeParticiple (perfect active)
Rootदृश् (धातु) → ददृश्वस्/ददृश्वान् (कृदन्त; लिट्-परिप्रयोग)
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