Rig Veda 4.24.3 — Mandala 4, Sukta 24, Mantra 3
Sukta 4.24
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verse-level verification needed)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तमिन्नरो वि ह्वयन्ते समीके रिरिक्वांसस्तन्वः कृण्वत त्राम् । मिथो यत्त्यागमुभयासो अग्मन्नरस्तोकस्य तनयस्य सातौ ॥
Transliteration
tám ín naró ví hvayante samīké ririkvā́ṃsas tanvàḥ kṛṇvata trā́m | mithó yát tyā́gam ubhā́yāso ágmān narás tokásya tánayasya sātáu ||
Translation
まさにその彼を、人々は遭遇の場で呼び招く。強き奮闘者たちは、その身を守護の盾として整える。互いに向き合い、両陣が「投げ捨て」（危機の賭けと放擲）へと至ったとき、人々は幼子と子孫の獲得――魂の系譜の継続の勝利のために（彼を呼ぶ）。
Word by Word
तम्him / that one
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्indeed / just
इन्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइन् (निपात/एन्क्लिटिक)
नरःmen
नरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, forth (intensifier with verb)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
ह्वयन्तेthey call / invoke
ह्वयन्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वे (ह्वयति/आह्वयति)
समीकेin the encounter / in the contest
समीके:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसमीक (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सम्+ईक’ ‘meeting/encounter’)
रिरिक्वांसःthe unblemished / uninjured (ones)
रिरिक्वांसः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम् ‘नरः’)
TypeAdjective (participle used substantively)
Rootरिरिक्वांस् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √रिच्/√रिक् ‘to leave, to be empty; to be free from’ → ‘uninjured/undefiled/without flaw’ as epithet)
तन्वःof (their) body / of the person
तन्वः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootतनू (प्रातिपदिक)
कृण्वतyou make / you do
कृण्वत:
—
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करोति)
त्राम्protection / deliverance
त्राम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootत्रा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘protection, saving’)
मिथःmutually / with one another
मिथः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथस् (अव्यय)
यत्when / that
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative particle)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / or conjunctional ‘yat’
त्यागम्abandonment / giving up
त्यागम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग (प्रातिपदिक; from √त्यज् ‘to leave, abandon’)
उभयासःboth (parties)
उभयासः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभय (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्मन्they went / they came
अग्मन्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गच्छति)
नरःmen
नरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
तोकस्यof the child / offspring
तोकस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootतोक (प्रातिपदिक)
तनयस्यof the son / progeny
तनयस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootतनय (प्रातिपदिक)
सातौin the winning / in the gaining (of victory)
सातौ:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसाति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘winning, gaining, victory’)
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