Rig Veda 4.23.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 23, Mantra 2
Sukta 4.23
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Indra (implied continuation of the inquiry)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
को अस्य वीरः सधमादमाप समानंश सुमतिभिः को अस्य । कदस्य चित्रं चिकिते कदूती वृधे भुवच्छशमानस्य यज्योः ॥
Transliteration
kó asya vīráḥ sadha-mā́dam ā́pa sám ānaṃśa sumatí-bhiḥ kó asya | kád asya citráṃ cikite kád ūtī́ vṛdhé bhúvac chaśamā́nasyá yájyōḥ ||
Translation
彼の勇士とは誰か、共なる歓喜の座（sadhāmāda）に到った者は。善き思慮によってそれを分かち合った者は誰か—誰が彼のものか。彼の妙なるものを人はいつ悟り、いつその扶け（ūti）を知るのか。強き奮励者、供物に値する者（yajya）が増し栄えるために。
Word by Word
कःwho?
कः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) सर्वनाम
अस्यof him/this (one)
अस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वीरःhero, man
वीरः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
सधमादम्common feast/banquet (soma-feast)
सधमादम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसधमाद (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सह-’ + ‘माद’/‘मद्’ भावः)
आपreached, attained
आप:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootआप् (धातु) ‘to attain, reach’
समानम्same, common
समानम्:
Karma (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान (प्रातिपदिक)
शःindeed, just
शः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश (एन्क्लिटिक अव्यय; RV-प्रयोगः, ‘indeed/just/also’)
सुमतिभिःwith good thoughts/favours
सुमतिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसुमति (प्रातिपदिक)
कःwho?
कः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) सर्वनाम
अस्यof him/this (one)
अस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
कद्when?
कद्:
Adhikaraṇa (temporal)
TypeIndeclinable (interrogative) / Pronoun-stem used adverbially
Rootकद् (किम्-प्रातिपदिक; अव्ययीभाव/निपात-प्रयोगः ‘when?’)
अस्यof him/this (one)
अस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चित्रम्wonder, marvel; bright deed
चित्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootचित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
चिकितेhas perceived/understood
चिकिते:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootचित्/चिकित् (धातु; ‘to perceive, notice, understand’)
कद्when?
कद्:
Adhikaraṇa (temporal)
TypeIndeclinable (interrogative) / Pronoun-stem used adverbially
Rootकद् (किम्-प्रातिपदिक; ‘when?’)
ऊतीhelp, aid
ऊती:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootऊति (प्रातिपदिक)
वृधेfor the growing/strong (one)
वृधे:
Sampradāna (for/to)
TypeNoun (dative of purpose) / Adjective used substantively
Rootवृध् (धातु) ‘to grow, increase’ → वृध (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक ‘growing/strong’)
भुवत्may it become / let it be
भुवत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु) ‘to be, become’
शशमानस्यof the praising (worshipper)
शशमानस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation)
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootशंस् (धातु) ‘to praise, recite’ → शशमान (कृदन्त; शंस्-शानच्/शतृ-प्रकारः, ‘praising’)
यज्योःof the two worship-worthy (ones)
यज्योः:
Sambandha (Genitive relation)
TypeAdjective (dual)
Rootयज्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘worthy of worship/sacrifice’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free Google sign-in keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.