Rig Veda 4.1.16: Mandala 4, Sukta 1, Mantra 16
Sukta 4.1
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni (as revealer of the cow/rays; linked to Mother/source imagery)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ते मन्वत प्रथमं नाम धेनोस्त्रिः सप्त मातुः परमाणि विन्दन् । तज्जानतीरभ्यनूषत व्रा आविर्भुवदरुणीर्यशसा गोः ॥
Transliteration
té manvata prathamáṃ nā́ma dhenós tríḥ saptá mā́tuḥ paramā́ṇi vindan | táj jānatī́r abhy ànūṣata vrā́ āvír bhuvad aruṇī́r yaśásā góḥ ||
Translation
彼らは養い育てる牝牛の最初の名を見分け、母の最高の尺度――三たび七――を見いだした。それを知って諸力はこれを讃え告げ、牝牛の光り輝く赤き光線は、栄光のうちに顕れ出た。
Word by Word
तेthey (those)
ते:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मन्वतthey thought / conceived
मन्वत:
कर्तृ-क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (धातु)
प्रथमम्first; at first
प्रथमम्:
कर्म (क्रियाविशेषण/विशेष्य-सम्बन्धः)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
नामname
नाम:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
धेनोःof the cow
धेनोः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
त्रिःthrice
त्रिः:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिस् (संख्यावाचक-अव्यय)
सप्तseven
सप्त:
विशेषण
TypeNumeral
Rootसप्तन् (संख्या)
मातुःof the mother
मातुः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
परमाणिhighest (things/places)
परमाणि:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
विन्दन्they found
विन्दन्:
कर्तृ-क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootविद्/विन्द् (धातु: ‘to find’)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जानतीःknowing (fem. pl.)
जानतीः:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple
Rootज्ञा (धातु) → जानत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
अभिtowards; upon
अभि:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अनूषतthey sang/praised
अनूषत:
कर्तृ-क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवच्/उष्? (धातु: ‘to praise/sing’ in RV usage; √वच् with anu-/or √उष् ‘to sound’—Vedic form)
व्राःthe enclosures/folds
व्राः:
कर्तृ (सम्बद्धः/अप्पोजिशन)
TypeNoun
Rootव्र (प्रातिपदिक; RV: ‘enclosure/pen, fold’)
आविःopenly; manifest
आविः:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआविस् (अव्यय)
भुवत्it became; it came to be
भुवत्:
कर्तृ-क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
अरुणीःthe ruddy ones (dawns/cows)
अरुणीः:
कर्तृ (सम्बद्धः)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootअरुणी (प्रातिपदिक)
यशसाwith glory; by splendour
यशसा:
करण
TypeNoun (instrumental used adverbially)
Rootयशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
गोःof the cow (or of light/cattle)
गोः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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