Rig Veda 3.31.18: Mandala 3, Sukta 31, Mantra 18
Sukta 3.31
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3.31)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पतिर्भव वृत्रहन्त्सूनृतानां गिरां विश्वायुर्वृषभो वयोधाः । आ नो गहि सख्येभिः शिवेभिर्महान्महीभिरूतिभिः सरण्यन् ॥
Transliteration
pátir bhava vṛtrahan sūnṛ́tānāṃ girā́ṃ viśvā́yur vṛ́ṣabho vayo-dhā́ḥ | ā́ no gahi sakhyébhiḥ śivébhir mahā́n mahī́bhir ūtíbhiḥ saraṇyán ||
Translation
真実に霊感された言葉（sūnṛtā）の主となれ、ヴリトラを討つ者よ。生命を広げる讃歌の主、成長の力を支える牡牛となれ。吉祥なる友情とともに我らのもとへ来たれ。大いにして力ある救い（ūti）をもって、愛すべき導き手よ、護りつつ来たれ。
Word by Word
पतिःlord, master
पतिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपति- (प्रातिपदिक)
भवbecome; be
भव:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू
वृत्रहन्O Vṛtra-slayer
वृत्रहन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन्- (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र-हन् ‘वृत्र-हन्ता’)
सूनृतानाम्of true/pleasant speeches
सूनृतानाम्:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootसूनृता- (प्रातिपदिक)
गिराम्of songs/hymns
गिराम्:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्- (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वायुःall-life; life-giving to all
विश्वायुः:
Kartā (विशेषणम् ‘पतिः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्वायु- (प्रातिपदिक; विश्व + आयुस्)
वृषभःbull; mighty one
वृषभः:
Kartā (समनाधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषभ- (प्रातिपदिक)
वयोधाःbestower/supporter of vigor (vayas)
वयोधाः:
Kartā (समनाधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun (agent/epithet)
Rootवयोधा- (प्रातिपदिक; वयस् + धा ‘धारयति/दधाति’)
आhither; towards
आ:
(क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
नःto us; our
नः:
Sampradāna (हितार्थे ‘to us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
गहिcome
गहि:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
सख्येभिःwith friendships; with friendly bonds
सख्येभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य- (प्रातिपदिक)
शिवेभिःauspicious, kindly
शिवेभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootशिव- (प्रातिपदिक)
महान्great
महान्:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्- (प्रातिपदिक)
महीभिःwith great (powers/helps)
महीभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमही- (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊतिभिःwith aids, protections
ऊतिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootऊति- (प्रातिपदिक)
सरण्यन्hastening; swiftly coming/streaming
सरण्यन्:
Kartā (विशेषणम्—‘he who is hastening/flowing’)
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootसृ (धातु) → सरण्यत्/सरण्यन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त, शतृ)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.