Rig Veda 3.31.17: Mandala 3, Sukta 31, Mantra 17
Sukta 3.31
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3.31)
Devata: Indra (with Sūrya as supporting illuminative power in imagery)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अनु कृष्णे वसुधिती जिहाते उभे सूर्यस्य मंहना यजत्रे । परि यत्ते महिमानं वृजध्यै सखाय इन्द्र काम्या ऋजिप्याः ॥
Transliteration
ánu kṛṣṇé vasudhítī jihāte ubhé sū́ryasya maṃhánā yájatre | pári yát te mahimā́naṃ vṛjádhyai sakhā́ya indra kā́myā ṛjipyā́ḥ ||
Translation
後に従って、闇を抱く二つの基盤はほどけて分かれる――その両者は、太陽の寛大な力によって、祭らるべきもの（yajatra）。あなたの広大な威光のために四方を開くべく、インドラよ、まっすぐ進む友（ṛjipyāḥ）、望ましきものを求める者（kāmyā）らが押し進み、道を切り拓く。
Word by Word
अनुafter, along, in accordance
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
कृष्णेin/with the two dark (nights/dawns)
कृष्णे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
वसुधितीthe two rich/wealth-bearing ones
वसुधिती:
Kartā
TypeNoun (dual epithet)
Rootवसु-धिति (प्रातिपदिक; वसु + धिति)
जिहातेthey two leave/abandon
जिहाते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहा (धातु; जहाति ‘to leave, abandon’)
उभेboth (of them)
उभे:
Kartā (apposition)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सूर्यस्यof the Sun
सूर्यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
मंहनाby (his) bounty/might
मंहना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमंहना (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bounty, generosity, might’)
यजत्रेin/for the worshipful (one)
यजत्रे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootयजत्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘worthy of worship’)
परिaround, about
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यत्which (that)
यत्:
Karma
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
तेof you/thy
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम)
महिमानम्greatness, majesty
महिमानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहिमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
वृजध्यैto remove/ward off
वृजध्यै:
प्रयोजन (purpose)
TypeVerb (infinitive)
Rootवृज (धातु; ‘to turn/drive away, remove’; infinitive)
सखायःfriends, companions
सखायः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
काम्याःdesirable, wished-for
काम्याः:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootकाम्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘desirable’)
ऋजिप्याःthe ṛjipyas (straight/ardent ones)
ऋजिप्याः:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootऋजिप्य (प्रातिपदिक; epithet, ‘straight/bright/ardent’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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