Rig Veda 1.54.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 54, Mantra 2
Sukta 1.54
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditionally for RV 1.54)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अर्चा शक्राय शाकिने शचीवते शृण्वन्तमिन्द्रं महयन्नभि ष्टुहि । यो धृष्णुना शवसा रोदसी उभे वृषा वृषत्वा वृषभो न्यृञ्जते ॥
Transliteration
árcā śakráya śākíne śácīvate śṛṇvántam índraṃ maháyann abhí stuhi | yó dhṛ́ṣṇunā śávasa ródasī ubhé vṛ́ṣā vṛṣatvā́ vṛ́ṣabho ní ṛñjate ||
Translation
讃え歌え、強き者シャクラ(Śakra)に、能く為す者に、シャチー(Śacī)を具する主に。聴き給うインドラ(Indra)を大いに称え、賛歌を捧げよ。彼は敢然たる力によって、天と地の両界を揺り動かし、これを轡にかける——牡牛の本性により牡牛として；その強き牡牛は諸界を制御する。
Word by Word
अर्चाpraise! / sing!
अर्चा:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootअर्च् (arc) / स्तु (स्तुति-प्रयोग)
शक्रायto Śakra (Indra)
शक्राय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootशक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
शाकिनेto the mighty/able one
शाकिने:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootशाकिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
शचीवतेto the possessor of śacī (power/skill)
शचीवते:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootशचीवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
शृण्वन्तम्the listening one
शृण्वन्तम्:
कर्म (ष्टुहि-क्रियायाः)
TypeParticiple
Rootश्रु (śru) → शृण्वत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म (ष्टुहि-क्रियायाः)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
महयन्magnifying (him)
महयन्:
कर्तृ (अर्चा/ष्टुहि-क्रियायाः; ‘त्वम्’ कर्ता)
TypeParticiple
Rootमह् (mah) → महय् (णिच्) → महयन्त्
अभिtowards, unto
अभि:
(क्रियाविशेषण) —
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootअभि
ष्टुहिpraise!
ष्टुहि:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootस्तु (stu)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (न्यृञ्जते-क्रियायाः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धृष्णुनाwith bold/impetuous
धृष्णुना:
करण
TypeAdjective (instrumental qualifier)
Rootधृष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
शवसाwith strength, might
शवसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
रोदसीthe two worlds (heaven and earth)
रोदसी:
कर्म (न्यृञ्जते-क्रियायाः)
TypeNoun (dual collective)
Rootरोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; ‘heaven-and-earth’)
उभेboth
उभे:
कर्म (रोदसी इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वृषाthe bull (virile one)
वृषा:
कर्तृ (यः…न्यृञ्जते; यः = इन्द्रः)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषन्/वृषा (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषत्वाwith virility/bull-power
वृषत्वा:
करण
TypeNoun (abstract)
Rootवृषत्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bull-hood/virility’)
वृषभःthe bull, the strong one
वृषभः:
कर्तृ (न्यृञ्जते)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
निdown, thoroughly
नि:
(क्रियाविशेषण) —
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootनि
ऋञ्जतेhe extends/overpowers (them)
ऋञ्जते:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootऋञ्ज् (ṛñj) (वैदिक: ‘to stretch/extend, set in motion; to reach/overpower’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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