Rig Veda 1.18.8: Mandala 1, Sukta 18, Mantra 8

Sukta 1.18

Rishi: Kāṇva

Devata: Sadasaspati (as organizer of rite; with Hotṛ-function highlighted)

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आदृध्नोति हविष्कृतिं प्राञ्चं कृणोत्यध्वरम् । होत्रा देवेषु गच्छति ॥

Transliteration

ā́d ṛ́dhnoti havíṣkṛtiṃ prā́ñcaṃ kṛṇoty adhvarám | hótrā devéṣu gacchati ||

Translation

彼は供物の調製を完全にし、祭の道（アドヴァラ）を前へと進める。ホートリ（Hotṛ）の力によって、彼は神々のうちを行く——人の言葉と神の聴聞とのあいだに、正しい通路を打ち立てつつ。

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Word by Word

• आदृध्नोति: (he) strengthens / makes firm
• आदृध्नोति: Kriyā (finite verb); kartā implied (e.g., hotā/Agni)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृध् (दृंह्/दृढ् ‘to make firm, strengthen’) with ā-

• हविष्कृतिम्: the preparation/arrangement of the oblation
• हविष्कृतिम्: Karma (object of आदृध्नोति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविष् + कृति (kṛti from √कृ ‘to do/make’) → prātipadika: हविष्कृति-

• प्राञ्चम्: forward-facing / directed forward
• प्राञ्चम्: Karma (qualifier of अध्वरम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राञ्च् (from प्र + अञ्च् ‘to turn/face’) → prātipadika: प्राञ्च-

• कृणोति: (he) makes
• कृणोति: Kriyā (finite verb); kartā implied
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ ‘to make, do’

• अध्वरम्: the sacrifice / ritual
• अध्वरम्: Karma (object of कृणोति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर- (prātipadika; ‘sacrifice/rite’, esp. soma-sacrifice)

• होत्रा: by the Hotṛ-function / with the Hotṛ’s recitation
• होत्रा: Karaṇa (means/instrument: ‘by/through the hotṛ-office/recitation’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: होत्रा- (instrumental formation from होतृ- ‘Hotṛ priest’; also ‘hotṛ-function/office’)

• देवेषु: among the gods
• देवेषु: Adhikaraṇa (locus: ‘among the gods’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-

• गच्छति: (he) goes / proceeds
• गच्छति: Kriyā (finite verb); kartā implied
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् ‘to go’