Rig Veda 1.164.19 — Mandala 1, Sukta 164, Mantra 19
Sukta 1.164
Rishi: Dīrghatamas Āucathya
Devata: Riddle-speculation (adhyātma); operative powers named: Indra and Soma
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; typical of RV 1.164)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ये अर्वाञ्चस्ताँ उ पराच आहुर्ये पराञ्चस्ताँ उ अर्वाच आहुः । इन्द्रश्च या चक्रथुः सोम तानि धुरा न युक्ता रजसो वहन्ति ॥
Transliteration
yé arvā́ñcas tā́n u párācā āhur yé parā́ñcas tā́n u arvā́cā āhuḥ | índraś ca yā́ cakrathúḥ soma tā́ni dhurā́ na yuktā́ rájaso vahanti ||
Translation
内へ向くものを人は外と呼び、外へ向くものを人は内と呼ぶ。だがインドラ（Indra）とソーマ（Soma）が造り成したその諸構成は、轅に繋がれた担い手のごとく、光明界ラジャス（rajas）の運行を運び進める。
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-
अर्वाञ्चःturned hither, coming this way
अर्वाञ्चः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्वाञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक; दिशावाचक) < अवर्/अर्व् (towards this side)
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उindeed/and
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
पराचःturned away, yonder-facing
पराचः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootपराञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक; दिशावाचक)
आहुःthey have said / call
आहुः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (धातु) ‘to say’
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-
पराञ्चःturned away, yonder-facing
पराञ्चः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootपराञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक; दिशावाचक)
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उindeed/and
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
अर्वाचःturned hither, this-ward
अर्वाचः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्वाञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक; दिशावाचक)
आहुःthey have said / call
आहुः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (धातु) ‘to say’
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
याwhich (things)
या:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-
चक्रथुःyou two have done/made
चक्रथुः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) ‘to do/make’
सोमO Soma
सोम:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
तानिthose (things)
तानि:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धुराas the yoke/shaft (as instrument)
धुरा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootधुर्/धुरा (प्रातिपदिक) ‘yoke-pole, shaft; yoke/trace’
नlike/as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-निपात)
युक्ताःyoked, harnessed
युक्ताः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Rootयुज् (धातु) ‘to yoke’ → युक्त (कृदन्त)
रजसःof the airy space/region
रजसः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootरजस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘space, region; dust’
वहन्तिthey carry/drive (along)
वहन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु) ‘to carry, convey’
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