Rig Veda 1.123.2 — Mandala 1, Sukta 123, Mantra 2
Sukta 1.123
Devata: Uṣas
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पूर्वा विश्वस्माद्भुवनादबोधि जयन्ती वाजं बृहती सनुत्री । उच्चा व्यख्यद्युवतिः पुनर्भूरोषा अगन्प्रथमा पूर्वहूतौ ॥
Transliteration
pū́rvā víśvasmād bhúvanād abódhi jáyantī vā́jaṃ bṛhatī́ sánutrī | uccā́ vy àkhyad yuvatíḥ punar-bhū́r óṣā́ agan prathamā́ pū́rva-hūtau ||
Translation
彼女は万有の世界から先んじて目覚め、力の充溢を勝ち取り、広大にして常に導く。高く自らを顕す——若き者、つねに新たに生まれ返る。ウシャス（Uṣas、曙光）は来た、先に呼ばれた呼びかけに最初に応えて。
Word by Word
पूर्वाthe former/earlier (one)
पूर्वा:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण ‘उषाः’ इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) < *पुर्/प्र (पूर्वत्व)
विश्वस्मात्from the whole (universe)
विश्वस्मात्:
Apādāna
TypeAdjective/Pronoun-like (universal)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
भुवनात्from the world/being
भुवनात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन (प्रातिपदिक; √भू ‘to be’ से)
अबोधिawoke/has awakened
अबोधि:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√बुध् (बोधने)
जयन्तीconquering, victorious
जयन्ती:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण ‘उषाः’)
TypeParticiple/Adjective
Root√जि (जयने) → जयन्त् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
वाजम्prize; strength; (winning) booty
वाजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक)
बृहतीlofty, great
बृहती:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण ‘उषाः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहती (प्रातिपदिक; √बृह् ‘to grow’ से)
सनुत्रीthe one moving along/over (the heights); guiding onward
सनुत्री:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण ‘उषाः’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootसनुत्री (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सनु’/‘सनुत्र’ ‘along/through, from above’)
उच्चाhigh(ly), aloft
उच्चा:
Adhikaraṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable (adverb)
Rootउच्च (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, forth (intensifier)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
अख्यत्appeared; shone forth; was seen
अख्यत्:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√ख्या (प्रख्याने/दर्शने)
युवतिःthe young woman (Dawn)
युवतिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootयुवति (प्रातिपदिक)
पुनर्भूःever-returning; born again
पुनर्भूः:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण ‘उषाः’)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपुनर्भू (प्रातिपदिक; ‘पुनः’ + √भू)
उषाःDawn
उषाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अगन्went; came
अगन्:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गत्यर्थे)
प्रथमाfirst
प्रथमा:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण ‘उषाः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
पूर्वहूतौat the earlier invocation; in the first call (of praise/ritual)
पूर्वहूतौ:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्वहूति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘पूर्व’ + हूति ‘invocation/call’ < √ह्वा/√हू)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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