Shloka 5

सप्तनवतितमः सर्गः (Yuddha Kāṇḍa 97): Sugrīva’s Onslaught and the Fall of Virūpākṣa

Devanagari script

कदनंतरसाकृत्वाराक्षसेन्ध्रोवनौकसाम् ।आससादततोत्वरितंयुद्धेराघवंस्तदा ।।।।

Transliteration

kadanaṃ tarasā kṛtvā rākṣasendro vanaukasām |

āsasāda tato tvaritaṃ yuddhe rāghavaṃ tadā ||

Translation

森に住むヴァーナラたちに猛然と殺戮をなしたのち、羅刹の王は戦場でたちまちラ―ガヴァへと急襲した。

Word by Word

• कदनम्: slaughter; carnage
• कदनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तरसा: with speed; forcibly
• तरसा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; Neuter, Instrumental, Singular (adverbial use)

• कृत्वा: having done/made
• कृत्वा: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund); having done

• राक्षसेन्द्रः: the lord of the Rakshasas
• राक्षसेन्द्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वनौकसाम्: of the forest-dwellers (monkeys)
• वनौकसाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वनौकस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• आससाद: approached; came upon
• आससाद: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सद् (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; Perfect, 3rd person, Singular

• ततः: then; thereafter
• ततः: Desha/Kala-adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-प्रकारः: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• त्वरितम्: swiftly
• त्वरितम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्वरित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावेन क्रियाविशेषणवत्; adverbial accusative (neuter acc. sg used adverbially)

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; Neuter, Locative, Singular

• राघवम्: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तदा: at that time
• तदा: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)

Context

Virupaksha rolled, by changing sides bathed in blood, causing sorrow and compassion to Vanaras who witnessed.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Rāghava (Rāma)
• Vānaras (forest-dwellers)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse frames a contrast central to the epic: unchecked violence and pride (adharma) drive the aggressor, while the narrative prepares the listener to see righteous resistance as necessary to restore moral order.

What is the narrative situation?

After damaging the vānaras, Rāvaṇa turns his attention directly toward Rāma, escalating the confrontation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

On the righteous side, steadfast readiness is implied—Rāma as the dharmic center against whom adharma now advances.