Shloka 31

युद्धाय रावणस्य निर्याणं तथा उत्पातदर्शनम्

Ravana’s Mobilization for War and the ظهور of Fatal Portents

Devanagari script

ततोयुद्धायतेजस्वीरक्षोगणबलैर्वृतः ।निर्ययावुद्यतधनुःकालान्तकयमोपमः ।।6.96.31।।

Transliteration

tato yuddhāya tejasvī rakṣo-gaṇa-balair vṛtaḥ |

niryayāv udyata-dhanuḥ kālāntaka-yamopamaḥ ||6.96.31||

Translation

そのとき、光り輝くラーヴァナは、羅刹の軍勢の力に囲まれ、弓を高く掲げて戦いへと出た――終末の滅ぼし手ヤマのごとく。

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: काल/देश (Time/Place adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अपादान/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (then/from there)

• युद्धाय: for battle
• युद्धाय: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)

• तेजस्वी: the radiant one
• तेजस्वी: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तेजस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• रक्षोगणबलैः: by the forces of the rākṣasa hosts
• रक्षोगणबलैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षोगण (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative: रक्षोगणस्य बलैः), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• वृतः: surrounded
• वृतः: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृ (धातु) → वृत (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• निर्ययौ: went out
• निर्ययौ: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्+या (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• उद्यतधनुः: with bow raised
• उद्यतधनुः: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्यत (प्रातिपदिक) + धनुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative: उद्यतं धनुः यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• कालान्तकयमोपमः: like Kālāntaka and Yama
• कालान्तकयमोपमः: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कालान्तक (प्रातिपदिक) + यम (प्रातिपदिक) + उपम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative: कालान्तकश्च यमश्च तयोः उपमः), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

Context

Then Ravana surrounded by the army of Rakshasas lifted his bow, like the Lord Yama at the time of dissolution of the universe, went for the battle glowing.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Yama (Kālāntaka)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma can appear “tejasvī” (splendid) and overwhelming, yet its trajectory is toward destruction; Dharma is measured by right action, not intimidating radiance.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa personally joins the battle, raising his bow and moving out with his army.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The verse emphasizes formidable martial power; ethically it functions as a warning that power must be governed by Satya and Dharma.