Valmiki Ramayana 6.95.41 — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 95, Shloka 41

युद्धकाण्डे पञ्चनवतितमः सर्गः

Sarga 95: Lamentation in Laṅkā and the Causal Chain of Enmity

Devanagari script

इतीवसर्वारजनीचरस्त्रियःपरस्परंसम्परिरभ्यबाहुभिः ।विषेदुरार्तातिभयाभिपीडिताविनेदुरुच्चैश्चतदासुदारुणम् ।।।।

Transliteration

itīva sarvā rajanīcarastriyaḥ parasparaṃ samparirabhya bāhubhiḥ |

viṣedur ārtā atibhayābhipīḍitā vinedur uccaiś ca tadā sudāruṇam ||

Translation

かくして夜行の者たちの女たちは皆、互いに腕で抱き合い、嘆きに沈んだ。極度の恐怖に押しつぶされ、そのとき高く、凄まじい泣き声をあげた。

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Vacana-marker (इति-प्रयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इत्यर्थे/उद्धरणसूचक (thus)

• इव: as if
• इव: Upamana-marker (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमार्थक (as if/like)

• सर्वाः: all
• सर्वाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्—रजनीचरस्त्रियः

• रजनीचरस्त्रियः: the rākṣasa women
• रजनीचरस्त्रियः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजनीचर-स्त्री (प्रातिपदिक; रजनीचर + स्त्री)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (रजनीचराणां स्त्रियः = wives/women of night-rangers)

• परस्परम्: one another
• परस्परम्: Reciprocal (परस्पर)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परस्पर (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; परस्पर-क्रियाविशेषण (mutually/each other)

• सम्परिरभ्य: having embraced
• सम्परिरभ्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+परि+√रभ् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—ल्यप् (क्त्वा-समकक्ष) अव्ययभाव (absolutive/gerund); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having embraced)

• बाहुभिः: with (their) arms
• बाहुभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; करणम् (with arms)

• विषेदुः: became despondent
• विषेदुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+√सद् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्शभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• आर्ताः: distressed
• आर्ताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आर्त (प्रातिपदिक; √ऋ/आर्द्-भाव)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्—रजनीचरस्त्रियः (distressed)

• अतिभयाभिपीडिताः: tormented by great fear
• अतिभयाभिपीडिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति-भय-अभि-पीडित (प्रातिपदिक; √पीड् धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कृदन्त—क्त (पीडित); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (अतिभयेन अभिपीडिताः = tormented by great fear)

• विनेदुः: cried out
• विनेदुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+√नद् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्शभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• उच्चैः: loudly
• उच्चैः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उच्चैः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (loudly)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (and)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (then)

• सुदारुणम्: very dreadful (cries)
• सुदारुणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्—(विनेदुः इति क्रियायाः कर्म/वाच्यम्) ‘very dreadful’

Context

All the night rangers tormented by fear, holding one another, many of them cried aloud making loud noises, in a frightful manner out of despondency.৷৷ ইত্যার্ষেবাল্মীকীযেশ্রীমদ্রামাযণেআদিকাব্যেযুদ্ধকাণ্ডেপঞ্চনবতিতমস্সর্গঃ ৷৷This is the end of the ninety fifth sarga of the Yuddha Kanda of the first epic the holy Ramayana composed by sage Valmiki.

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse reflects the social fallout of adharma: fear and despair spread through a community. Dharma is shown indirectly as that which prevents such collective suffering.

What is the narrative situation?

A descriptive close: the rākṣasī women, overwhelmed by fear, hold one another and cry out loudly in despair.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The epic emphasizes compassion and awareness in the audience: even enemies’ households experience anguish, reinforcing the ethical gravity of war.