Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 95, Shloka 11

युद्धकाण्डे पञ्चनवतितमः सर्गः

Sarga 95: Lamentation in Laṅkā and the Causal Chain of Enmity

Devanagari script

तन्निमित्तमिदंवैरंरावणेनकृतंमहत् ।वधायसीतासासीतादशग्रीवेणरक्षसा ।।।।

Transliteration

tannimittam idaṁ vairaṁ rāvaṇena kṛtaṁ mahat |

vadhāya sītā sā sītā daśagrīveṇa rakṣasā ||6.95.11||

Translation

まさにその因縁ゆえに、ラーヴァナはこの大いなる怨みを招いた。しかも、ジャナカの娘シーターは十の首を持つ羅刹に奪われ、彼自身の滅びへの道を定めたのである。

Word by Word

• तत्-निमित्तम्: for that reason/cause
• तत्-निमित्तम्: हेतु/निमित्त (cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + निमित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'तस्य निमित्तम्')

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: विशेष्य-निर्देश (deictic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• वैरम्: enmity
• वैरम्: कर्म/विषय (object/theme)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• रावणेन: by Ravana
• रावणेन: कर्ता (करण-प्रयोगे agent in instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• कृतम्: made/caused
• कृतम्: क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय (predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: कृ-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'made/done'

• महत्: great
• महत्: विशेषण (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (वैरम्)

• वधाय: for killing
• वधाय: सम्प्रदान (purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (4th/Dative), एकवचन; प्रयोजनार्थे

• सीता: Sita
• सीता: कर्ता/विषय (topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• सा: that (same)
• सा: अन्वय (resumptive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• सीता: Sita
• सीता: कर्ता/विषय (topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (emphasis)

• दशग्रीवेण: by the ten-necked one
• दशग्रीवेण: कर्ता (instrumental agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दश-ग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समास: 'दश ग्रीवाः यस्य सः' (ten-necked = Ravana)

• रक्षसा: by the Rakshasa
• रक्षसा: कर्ता (agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षस्/राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; करण-प्रयोगे कर्तृवाचक

Context

"For that reason of Surpanakha, this enmity has been conceived by Ravana and Sita was borne away by the ten headed Rakshasa."

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā
• rākṣasa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Violating dharma—especially through the wrongful taking of another’s wife—creates righteous opposition and leads to self-destruction.

What is the narrative situation?

The speaker traces the origin of the war: Rāvaṇa’s abduction of Sītā transformed earlier incidents into a great, fatal enmity.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral accountability: naming the true cause of conflict rather than blaming fate or others.