Shloka 5

Sarga 93: Rāvaṇa’s Grief and Fury after Indrajit’s Fall; Move to Slay Vaidehī and Ministerial Restraint

Devanagari script

उपलभ्यचिरात्संज्ञां राजाराक्षसपुङ्गव ।।।।पुत्रशोकाकुलोदीनोविललापाकुलेन्द्रियः ।

Transliteration

upalabhya cirāt saṃjñāṃ rājā rākṣasapuṅgavaḥ |

putraśokākulo dīno vilalāpa ākulendriyaḥ ||

Translation

久しくして、羅刹の王、羅刹の雄たる者はようやく意識を取り戻した。子を失う悲しみに打ちひしがれ、沈痛の底に沈み、感官も乱れて、声を上げて嘆き悲しんだ。

Word by Word

• उपलभ्य: having regained/obtained
• उपलभ्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + लभ् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-कृदन्त (gerund)

• चिरात्: after long
• चिरात्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिरात् (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय (after a long time)

• संज्ञाम्: consciousness
• संज्ञाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of उपलभ्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• राक्षसपुङ्गव: O foremost of rakshasas
• राक्षसपुङ्गव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस + पुङ्गव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः; पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• पुत्रशोकाकुलः: overwhelmed by grief for (his) son
• पुत्रशोकाकुलः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुत्र + शोक + आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषः (पुत्रस्य शोकः तेन आकुलः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (राजा इति विशेषण)

• दीनः: dejected
• दीनः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विललाप: lamented
• विललाप: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + लप् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• आकुलेन्द्रियः: whose senses were distraught
• आकुलेन्द्रियः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आकुल + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहिः (आकुलानि इन्द्रियाणि यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (राजा इति विशेषण)

Context

As the Rakshasas were talking in that manner, Ravana, deluded with anger, went fast to Vaidehi in Ashoka grove.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Unchecked attachment and grief can destabilize judgment; dharma requires steadiness of mind (self-governance) even amid loss.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa, after being stunned by the events surrounding his son’s death, comes back to awareness and begins lamenting.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrast (implicitly), the virtue highlighted is mental composure; the verse shows its absence in Rāvaṇa.