Shloka 1

इन्द्रजित्-हनूमद्-युद्धं तथा निकुम्भिलायां होमः

Indrajit vs Hanuman; Indrajit’s Nikumbhila rite

Devanagari script

श्रुत्वातुभीमनिर्ह्रादंशक्राशनिसमस्वनम् ।वीक्षमाणादिशस्सर्वादुद्रुवुर्वानरर्षभा: ।।।।

Transliteration

śrutvā tu bhīmanirhrādaṃ śakrāśanisamasvanam |

vīkṣamāṇā diśaḥ sarvā dudruvur vānararṣabhāḥ ||

Translation

インドラの雷霆のごとき恐るべき轟きを聞くや、猿軍の勇士たちは四方を見回し、逃げ去った。

Word by Word

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); धातु: श्रु (to hear); ‘having heard’

• तु: then/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• भीमनिर्ह्रादम्: a terrible roar
• भीमनिर्ह्रादम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhīma-nirhrāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (भीमः निर्ह्रादः); पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• शक्राशनिसमस्वनम्: sounding like Indra's thunderbolt
• शक्राशनिसमस्वनम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śakra-aśani-sama-svana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (शक्रस्य अशनि इव समः स्वनः यस्य); पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (qualifying निर्ह्रादम्)

• वीक्षमाणाः: looking
• वीक्षमाणाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/शानच्); परस्मैपद-प्रयोग; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘looking’

• दिशः: directions
• दिशः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (Feminine, Accusative, Plural)

• सर्वाः: all
• सर्वाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (agreeing with दिशः)

• दुद्रुवुः: fled/ran
• दुद्रुवुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dru (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• वानरर्षभाः: bulls among Vanaras (best of monkeys)
• वानरर्षभाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara-ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (वानराणां ऋषभाः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural)

Context

The bulls among Vanaras heard the roar which was like thunder and looking at Indrajith fled in all directions.

Characters & Entities

• Vanaras
• Indra (Shakra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It shows the human (and Vānara) experience of fear; dharma is not the absence of fear but the return to duty despite fear—something the narrative soon contrasts through leaders who stand firm.

What is the narrative situation?

A terrifying, thunder-like roar triggers confusion; Vānara warriors scatter, scanning the directions as they retreat.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Implied virtue: steadiness (dhairya) is needed; the verse sets the stage for courageous figures (notably Hanumān) to counter panic.