Shloka 7

कुम्भकर्णवधश्रवणेन रावणविलापः

Ravana’s Lament on Hearing of Kumbhakarna’s Slaying

Devanagari script

पितृव्यंनिहतंश्रुत्वादेवान्तकनरान्तकौ ।त्रिशिराश्चातिकायश्चरुरुदुश्शोकपीडिताः ।।।।

Transliteration

pitṛvyaṃ nihataṃ śrutvā devāntaka-narāntakau |

triśirāś cātikāyaś ca ruruduḥ śoka-pīḍitāḥ ||

Translation

叔父が討たれたと聞いて、デーヴァーンタカとナーラーンタカ、またトリシラスとアティカーヤは、悲しみに打ちひしがれ、大声で泣き叫んだ。

Word by Word

• पितृव्यम्: paternal uncle
• पितृव्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• निहतम्: killed
• निहतम्: Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-हन् (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifying पितृव्यम्

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Kriya-samānādhikaraṇa (क्रियासम्बन्धः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त); ‘having heard’

• देवान्तकनरान्तकौ: Devantaka and Narantaka
• देवान्तकनरान्तकौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवान्तक + नरान्तक (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Dual; द्वन्द्वः (two named persons)

• त्रिशिराः: Trishiras
• त्रिशिराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिशिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• अतिकायः: Atikaya
• अतिकायः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिकाय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• रुरुदुः: wept/cried aloud
• रुरुदुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुद् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Plural; Parasmaipada

• शोकपीडिताः: afflicted by grief
• शोकपीडिताः: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक + पीडित (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; तत्पुरुषः ‘śokena pīḍitāḥ’ = afflicted by grief; qualifying the subjects collectively

Context

Thus, the ten-eyed, Ravana saddened by the destruction of his brother, an enemy of Indra, the Rakshasa king lamented profusely in many ways grieving and fell down, his mind agitated deeply.।। ityārṣēvālmīkīyēādikāvyēśrīmadrāmāyaṇēyuddhakāṇḍēaṣṭaṣaṣṭitamassargaḥ ।।This is the end of the sixty-eighth sarga of Yuddha Kanda of the first epic the holy Ramayana, composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Devāntaka
• Narāntaka
• Triśiras
• Atikāya

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma harms not only the perpetrator but also the entire kin-group; sorrow spreads through familial bonds when violence is pursued.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa’s death triggers a collective outcry among prominent rākṣasa fighters related to him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Family loyalty is shown, though it is entangled with an unrighteous cause—highlighting the need to align loyalty with dharma.