Shloka 9

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

ततःपर्वतमुत्पाट्यद्विविदःप्लवगर्षभः ।।।।दुद्रावगिरिशृङ्गाभंविलम्बइवतोयदः ।

Transliteration

tataḥ parvatam utpāṭya dvividaḥ plavagarṣabhaḥ |

dudrāva giriśṛṅgābhaṁ vilamba iva toyadaḥ ||

Translation

その時、ヴァナラ族の雄牛であるドヴィヴィダは山を引き抜き、迫り来る雷雲のように、また山の頂のような姿で突進した。

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb): 'thereafter/then'

• पर्वतम्: mountain
• पर्वतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative, Singular)

• उत्पाट्य: having uprooted
• उत्पाट्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ut-√paṭ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), 'having uprooted/torn up'

• द्विविदः: Dvivida
• द्विविदः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvivida (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• प्लवगर्षभः: bull among the vanaras
• प्लवगर्षभः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaga + ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): प्लवगानाम् ऋषभः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• दुद्राव: ran/rushed
• दुद्राव: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dru (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (3rd person singular, Perfect, Parasmaipada)

• गिरिशृङ्गाभम्: like a mountain-peak (in appearance)
• गिरिशृङ्गाभम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: giri + śṛṅga + ābha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (determinative): गिरिशृङ्गस्य आभम्/आभम् इव; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative, Singular)

• विलम्बः: a hanging mass
• विलम्बः: Upamana (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vilamba (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular); here used in simile as 'a hanging mass'

• इव: like
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय (indeclinable of comparison): 'like/as'

• तोयदः: cloud (water-giver)
• तोयदः: Upameya (उपमेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: toyada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

Context

Thereafter Dwivida, a bull among the Vanaras lifted a mountain and went towards Kumbhakarna who resembled a threatening cloud.

Characters & Entities

• Dvivida
• Kumbhakarṇa (target implied by context)
• Mountain (as weapon)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in a righteous war includes collective support: when one ally is endangered, others step in decisively to protect the cause.

What is the narrative situation?

After Sugrīva’s clash, Dvivida advances by uprooting a mountain to strike the rākṣasa opponent.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Readiness to aid comrades—courage joined with solidarity.