Shloka 10

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

तंसमुत्पत्यचिक्षेपकुम्भकर्णायवानरः ।।।।तमप्राप्यमहाकायंतस्यसैन्येऽपतत्तधा ।

Transliteration

taṁ samutpatya cikṣepa kumbhakarṇāya vānaraḥ | tam aprāpya mahākāyaṁ tasya sainye ’patat tathā ||

Translation

一人のヴァーナラが跳び上がり、武器をクンバカルナへ投げ放った。だが巨体の敵には届かず、その軍勢の中へと落ちた。

Word by Word

• तम्: that (mountain) / it
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Pronoun, Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• समुत्पत्य: having leapt up
• समुत्पत्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ut-√pat (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive): 'having leapt up/risen'

• चिक्षेप: threw
• चिक्षेप: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṣip (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (3rd person singular, Perfect)

• कुम्भकर्णाय: to Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kumbhakarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Dative, Singular)

• वानरः: the vanara
• वानरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• तम्: him (Kumbhakarna)
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Pronoun, Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• अप्राप्य: not reaching (missing)
• अप्राप्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a-√prāp (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive) with negation: 'not reaching/missing'

• महाकायम्: huge-bodied
• महाकायम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + kāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: महांश्चासौ कायः; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• तस्य: his
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन (Pronoun, Genitive, Singular)

• सैन्ये: in the army
• सैन्ये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन (Neuter, Locative, Singular)

• अपतत्: fell
• अपतत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pat (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (3rd person singular, Imperfect)

• तथा: thus
• तथा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): 'thus/in that manner'

Context

Having heard Angada's words, the Vanaras of gigantic body firmly decided to wage war and returned back.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rākṣasa army

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

In righteous struggle, power must be joined with precision and responsibility; misdirected force can harm unintended targets.

What is the narrative situation?

During the melee, a Vānara attacks Kumbhakarṇa but misses, and the thrown mass strikes the Rākṣasa troops instead.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Zeal in combat—tempered implicitly by the need for skill and discernment.