Shloka 63

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

तत्कुम्भकर्णस्यभुजप्रविद्धंशूलंशितंकाञ्चनदामजुष्टम् ।क्षिप्रंसमुत्पत्यनिगृह्यदोर्भ्यांबभञ्जवेगेनसुतोऽनिलस्य ।।।।

Transliteration

tat kumbhakarṇasya bhujapraviddhaṃ śūlaṃ śitaṃ kāñcanadāmajuṣṭam | kṣipraṃ samutpatya nigṛhya dorbhyāṃ babhañja vegena suto 'nilasya ||

Translation

しかし風神の子ハヌマーンはただちに跳び上がり、クンバカルナが投げた金の飾り帯をまとった鋭い槍を両腕で掴み、勢いのままに打ち砕いた。

Word by Word

• तत्: that (weapon)
• तत्: कर्म (object; refers to शूलम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (pronoun; neuter; accusative; singular)

• कुम्भकर्णस्य: of Kumbhakarṇa
• कुम्भकर्णस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation: of Kumbhakarṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति; एकवचन (masculine; genitive; singular)

• भुजप्रविद्धम्: hurled by (his) arms
• भुजप्रविद्धम्: विशेषण (qualifier of शूलम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भुज + प्रविद्ध (कृदन्त; √व्यध्/विध् “to pierce/strike/throw” + प्र-; क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समास (भुजैः प्रविद्धम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; accusative; singular); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण

• शूलम्: pike, spear
• शूलम्: कर्म (object of निगृह्य/बभञ्ज)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; accusative; singular)

• शितम्: sharp
• शितम्: विशेषण (qualifier of शूलम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-विशेषण; √शि “to sharpen” → शित “sharp”)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; accusative; singular); विशेषण

• काञ्चनदामजुष्टम्: adorned with a golden chain/garland
• काञ्चनदामजुष्टम्: विशेषण (qualifier of शूलम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काञ्चन + दामन् + जुष्ट (कृदन्त; √जुष् “to enjoy/possess/be adorned with” + क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (काञ्चनस्य दाम्ना जुष्टम्/दामजुष्टम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; accusative; singular); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण

• क्षिप्रम्: quickly, instantly
• क्षिप्रम्: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner/time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्षिप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (indeclinable adverb)

• समुत्पत्य: having leapt up
• समुत्पत्य: पूर्वक्रिया (prior action to निगृह्य/बभञ्ज)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् + उत् + √पत् (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (क्त्वान्त/absolutive); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having leapt up)

• निगृह्य: having seized/held
• निगृह्य: पूर्वक्रिया (prior action to बभञ्ज)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि + √ग्रह् (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having seized/held fast)

• दोर्भ्याम्: with both arms
• दोर्भ्याम्: करण (instrument: with both arms/hands)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोर्/दोरस् (प्रातिपदिक; बाहु “arm”)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे); तृतीया-विभक्ति; द्विवचन (instrumental; dual)

• बभञ्ज: broke, shattered
• बभञ्ज: क्रिया (main action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भञ्ज् (धातु) — लिट् (परस्मैपद)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (परोक्षभूत/Perfect); प्रथम-पुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद (3rd person singular, perfect, active)

• वेगेन: with force, swiftly
• वेगेन: करण/हेतु (instrument/cause: with force, by speed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (masculine; instrumental; singular)

• सुतः: son
• सुतः: कर्ता (agent/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (masculine; nominative; singular)

• अनिलस्य: of the wind-god (Anila)
• अनिलस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation: of Anila/wind-god)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-विभक्ति; एकवचन (masculine; genitive; singular)

Context

Hanuman the son of wind-god instantly seized Kumbhakarna with his arms, whose shaft was covered by chains and broke with both hands quickly.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān (Māruti)
• Kumbhakarṇa
• Śūla (pike)
• Anila/Vāyu (Wind-god)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is protective service: using strength to shield allies and uphold the righteous mission rather than for self-display.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa’s pike aimed at Sugrīva is intercepted mid-flight by Hanumān, who breaks it.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s bhakti-driven courage and alert guardianship—swift action in defense of others.