Shloka 42

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

अनेकशोवध्यमानाःकुम्भकर्णेनवानराः ।राघवंशरणंजग्मुर्व्यथिताःभिन्नचेतसः ।।।।

Transliteration

anekaśo vadhyamānāḥ kumbhakarṇena vānarāḥ |

rāghavaṃ śaraṇaṃ jagmur vyathitāḥ bhinnacetasaḥ ||

Translation

クンバカルナにさまざまに打ち倒されたヴァーナラの戦士たちは、苦しみ心折れて、ラ―ガヴァのもとへと走り、御加護を求めて帰依した。

Word by Word

• अनेकशः: in many ways, repeatedly
• अनेकशः: क्रिया-विशेषण (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनेकशः (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: in many ways/many times)

• वध्यमानाः: being slain
• वध्यमानाः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वध् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि कृदन्तः (मान), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• कुम्भकर्णेन: by Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णेन: करण/कर्तृ (agent in passive; कर्तृ-करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• वानराः: Vanaras
• वानराः: कर्ता (कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• राघवम्: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवम्: कर्म (गमनस्य कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• शरणम्: refuge
• शरणम्: कर्म (goal/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘शरणं गच्छति’ इति कर्मप्रवचनीयार्थे

• जग्मुः: went, sought
• जग्मुः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• व्यथिताः: distressed
• व्यथिताः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यथ् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकाले क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्तः, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• भिन्नचेतसः: broken-hearted
• भिन्नचेतसः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भिन्न-चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः (भिन्नं चेतः येषाम्)

Context

Destroyed by Kumbhakarna in many ways, the Vanaras were heartbroken and sought the refuge of Raghava.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Vānara
• Rāghava (Rāma)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Śaraṇāgati (seeking refuge) in a righteous protector: turning to the dharmic leader when overwhelmed is portrayed as legitimate and wise, not shameful.

What is the narrative situation?

The Vānara troops, unable to withstand Kumbhakarṇa’s slaughter, retreat to Rāma and seek his protection and guidance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Trust in dharma and rightful leadership: recognizing Rāma as the moral and strategic center of the alliance.