Shloka 101

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

तस्मिन् कालेसुमित्रायाःपुत्रःपरबलार्दनः ।चकारलक्ष्मणःक्रुद्धोयुद्धंपरपुरञ्जयः ।।।।

Transliteration

tasmin kāle sumitrāyāḥ putraḥ parabalārdanaḥ |

cakāra lakṣmaṇaḥ kruddho yuddhaṃ parapurañjayaḥ ||

Translation

その時、スミトラーの息子であり、敵軍を打ち砕き敵の砦を征服するラクシュマナは、怒りに燃えて戦いに入った。

Word by Word

• tasmin: in that
• tasmin: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी (Loc), एकवचन

• kāle: time
• kāle: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Loc), एकवचन

• sumitrāyāḥ: of Sumitrā
• sumitrāyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumitrā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Gen), एकवचन

• putraḥ: son
• putraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन

• parabalārdanaḥ: crusher of enemy armies
• parabalārdanaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para + bala + ardana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'परस्य बलस्य अर्दनः' (crusher of enemy forces); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• cakāra: did/made
• cakāra: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Lakṣmaṇa
• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• kruddhaḥ: angry
• kruddhaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kruddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• yuddham: battle
• yuddham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन

• parapuraṃjayaḥ: conqueror of enemy forts
• parapuraṃjayaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para + puraṃ + jaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष: 'पराणि पुराणि जयति' (conqueror of enemy strongholds); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

At that time, Sumitra's son, Lakshmana, winner of enemy forces, conqueror of forts, enraged went to fight.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sumitrā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It highlights kṣātra-dharma: when protecting righteousness and one’s side in a just war, a warrior must step forward decisively, even under strong emotion, while remaining committed to the larger cause.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa, provoked amid the battlefield against Kumbhakarṇa’s forces, moves to engage directly in combat.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Valor and resolve—Lakṣmaṇa’s readiness to confront overwhelming power for the sake of Rāma’s mission.