Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 65, Shloka 39

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम्

Kumbhakarna’s Departure for Battle

Devanagari script

रक्ताक्षास्सुमहाकायानीलाञ्चनचयोपमाः ।शूलानुद्यम्यखडगांश्चनिशितांश्चपरश्वधान् ।।6.65.38।।बहुव्यामांश्चपरिघान्गदाश्चमुसलानि च ।तालस्कन्धांश्चविपुलान्क्षेपणीयान्दुरासदान् ।।6.65.39।।

Transliteration

bahuvyāmāṃś ca parighān gadāś ca musalāni ca |

tālaskandhāṃś ca vipulān kṣepaṇīyān durāsadān ||6.65.39||

Translation

彼らは幾肘もある鉄棒、棍棒や槌、そして巨大な椰子の幹を携え—投げ放たれては抗し難い武器として備えていた。

Word by Word

• बहुव्यामान्: many-fathoms long
• बहुव्यामान्: कर्म (Karma/Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु-व्याम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (बहवो व्यामाः प्रमाणं येषाम्)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• परिघान्: iron bars
• परिघान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• गदाः: maces
• गदाः: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (form identical); here coordinated as objects → द्वितीया बहुवचन (Accusative plural)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• मुसलानि: clubs
• मुसलानि: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुसल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• तालस्कन्धान्: palmyra trunks
• तालस्कन्धान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ताल-स्कन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (तालस्य स्कन्धः)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• विपुलान्: huge
• विपुलान्: कर्म (Karma/Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• क्षेपणीयान्: to be hurled, throwable
• क्षेपणीयान्: कर्म (Karma/Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √क्षिप् (धातु) + अनीयर् (कृदन्त)
• Form: अनीयर्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/future passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘to be hurled/throwable’

• दुरासदान्: hard to assail
• दुरासदान्: कर्म (Karma/Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर्-आसद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (दुरासदाः = difficult to approach/assail)

Context

Rakshasas with blood red eyes, of huge body size, dark blue in colour, holding tridents, sharpened whetted axes and weapons of many kinds, iron bars and maces, clubs, mallets and palmyra trees, the evil minded vast army set out.

Characters & Entities

• Rākṣasas
• parigha (iron bar)
• gadā (mace)
• musala (club)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse reinforces that violence escalates through weaponization; the epic’s dharma lens asks for proportion, restraint, and right intent in the use of force.

What is the narrative situation?

A continuation of the armament description: the rākṣasa host carries heavy and throwable weapons as it advances.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Physical might and intimidation; ethically, it serves as a foil to dharma-guided heroism.