Shloka 39

कुम्भकर्णदर्शनम्

The Appearance of Kumbhakarna and the Account of His Might

Devanagari script

रामवाक्यमुपश्रुत्य हरयो जितकाशिनः ।पादपैरर्दयवनीरावानराःपरवाहिनीम् ।।6.61.39।।

Transliteration

rāmavākyam upaśrutya harayo jitakāśinaḥ |

pādapair ardayan vīrā vānarāḥ paravāhinīm ||6.61.39||

Translation

ラーマの命を聞くや、勝利を求める猿族の勇士たちは、木々を振るって敵軍を打ち砕き始めた。

Word by Word

• राम-वाक्यम्: Rama's command/words
• राम-वाक्यम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of hearing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक) + वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: रामस्य वाक्यम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• उपश्रुत्य: having heard
• उपश्रुत्य: पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-√श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund): 'having heard'

• हरयः: the monkeys
• हरयः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• जित-काशिनः: eager for victory/triumph-seeking
• जित-काशिनः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त from √जि) + काशिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्राय: 'जितं काशन्ति/इच्छन्ति' इति भावे; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्तृविशेषण

• पादपैः: with trees
• पादपैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पादप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• अर्दयन्: they crushed/assailed
• अर्दयन्: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्द् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन (अर्दयन् = they struck/crushed)

• वीराः: heroes
• वीराः: कर्तृसमनाधिकरण (Appositional to Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्तृसमनाधिकरण (apposition)

• वानराः: vanaras (monkeys)
• वानराः: कर्तृसमनाधिकरण (Appositional to Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्तृसमनाधिकरण

• पर-वाहिनीम्: the enemy host/army
• पर-वाहिनीम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक) + वाहिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: परस्य (शत्रोः) वाहिनी; स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

Asked by the prince Rama, of unwearied action, highly intelligent Vibheeshana spoke.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is disciplined action under rightful leadership: the vānaras act in unity after receiving Rāma’s command, channeling strength toward a just objective rather than chaos.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rāma’s instruction, the vānaras surge forward and attack the opposing forces using uprooted trees as weapons.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective valor and obedience to righteous direction—courage guided by dharma rather than mere aggression.