Shloka 80

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

पावकात्मजमालोक्यध्वजाग्रेसमवस्थितम् ।जज्वालरावणःक्रोधात्ततोनीलोननादच ।।6.59.80।।

Transliteration

pāvakātmajam ālokya dhvajāgre samavasthitam | jajvāla rāvaṇaḥ krodhāt tato nīlo nanāda ca ||6.59.80||

Translation

火の子ニーラが旗標の先端に立つのを見て、ラーヴァナは怒りに燃え上がった。するとニーラは大音声で咆哮した。

Word by Word

• pāvaka-ātmajam: the son of Fire (Hanuman)
• pāvaka-ātmajam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāvaka (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (pāvakasyātmajaḥ)

• ālokya: having seen
• ālokya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√lok (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), indeclinable; ‘having seen’

• dhvaja-agre: on the top/front of the flagstaff
• dhvaja-agre: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhvaja (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (dhvajasya agre)

• samavasthitam: standing/placed
• samavasthitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ava-√sthā (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying pāvakātmajam

• jajvāla: blazed up
• jajvāla: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jval (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada

• rāvaṇaḥ: Ravana
• rāvaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• krodhāt: from anger
• krodhāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: krodha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb of sequence (kāla/krama)

• nīlaḥ: Neela
• nīlaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nīla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• nanāda: roared
• nanāda: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √nad (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)

Context

Neela stood on top of the post of the bow of Ravana. On seeing that Ravana was burning in anger while Neela roared.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Nīla (Pāvakātmaja)
• dhvaja (standard)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse warns that krodha clouds right judgment; dharma requires restraint, especially for leaders whose anger can distort decisions.

What is the narrative situation?

Nīla positions himself boldly atop Rāvaṇa’s bow-standard; Rāvaṇa reacts with fury, while Nīla asserts dominance by roaring.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Nīla’s fearlessness and psychological strength; he unsettles the enemy through audacity.